1) The Rambam (Hilchos Milah 1:1) writes that it is a Mitzvah on the father to circumcise his son. If the father did not do so, the Beis Din now has the Mitzvah to circumcise that boy.

In Hilchos Milah 1:2, the Rambam writes that if the Beis Din did not do this, then when the boy grows up he has a Mitzvah to circumcise himself.

2) I must share with you a beautiful Dvar Torah by the Maharal of Prague about Yisro and the Mitzvah of Milah.

a) The first Rashi in last week's Parshah says that Yisro was originally called "Yeser" and then, when he did Gerus and kept the Mitzvos, a letter Vav was added onto his name. The Maharal of Prague (in Gur Aryeh) explains that the numerical value of "Yisro" is 616. This is why the Vav was added, to top the number up to 616. The Maharal says (in his Derashah on the Torah, Introduction, DH v'Af Al Gav) that Yisro was the first convert ever, so the Torah tells us in connection with Yisro what is the essence of the Ger. This is because a Ger fulfills three Mitzvos that other Jews do not possess: (a) Milah, (b) immersion in the Mikveh, (c) offering a sacrifice (in the times of the Beis ha'Mikdash; see Kerisus 9a that these are the three special Mitzvos of the Ger).

b) The Maharal of Prague asks that one might object that the Mitzvah of Milah is one of the 613, so a Ger does not have more of a Mitzvah of Milah than anyone else. He answers that this is not the case. When the Ger does Milah, he is not yet Jewish because he has not yet immersed in the Mikveh (see Yevamos 46b, "he is not a Ger until he does Milah and Tevilah"), so Milah is not one of the Mitzvos that he is obligated to do. The Maharal writes that the Mitzvah of Milah that a Ger is obligated to do is to circumcise his son, and by circumcising himself he becomes a Ger. The Maharal writes that therefore there are three Mitzvos by which Yisro became a Ger, so together with 613 Mitzvos of every Jew, Yisro reached 616 Mitzvos, and this is why the Gematria of "Yisro" is 616.

c) It seems to me that what the Maharal means is that even though when the Ger did Milah he was not yet a Yisrael and therefore not obligated in Milah, nevertheless when he did complete his Gerus he automatically had now fulifilled the Mitzvah of Milah. I think that this can be compared to the Gemara in Yevamos 62a where Rebbi Yochanan (whom the Halachah follows) said that if the Ger already had children before converting, when he now does Gerus he has thereby already fulfilled the Mitzvah of being fruitful and multiplying. Even though Pru u'Revu is not one of the Seven Mitzvos of Bnei Noach, nevertheless later on when he converts the fact is that he has given birth already to children. Similarly, at the time that he did Milah he did not yet possess the Mitzvah of Milah, but later on, when he does Gerus, he no longer requires the Mitzvah of Milah because he has already done circumcision with the aim of becoming a Jew. Most people have only one Mitzvah of Milah, namely to circumcise their own children. The Ger has two different Mitzvos of Milah: (a) the Mitzvah of Milah that he made sure was done on himself, (b) the Mitzvah of Milah on his own children. Mitzvah (a) is one of the extra Mitzvos of the Ger, as is the Mitzvah of Tevilah and Korban, so these are three Mitzvos that only a Ger possesses, and together with the 613 of every Jew this makes 616, which is why the Gematria of "Yisro" is 616.

3) We learn from the Maharal that the Mitzvah of the Ger is to circumcise his sons, since he was not yet Jewish when his own circumcision took place, so one cannot say that he fulfilled the Mitzvah on himself at that time. I want to extend this to learn from here that the Mitzvah that most Jews possess is only to circumcise their sons, since their father performed Milah on them when they were eight days old and not yet obligated in Mitzvos.

I think that I have found support for this in the Sefer Charedim, by Rav Elazar Azkari (1533-1600). In chapter 7 (in other editions it is chapter 20), he enumerates the positive Mitzvos connected with the reproductive organ. The first Mitzvah is a Mitzvah incumbent on the father to circumcise his son. The second Mitzvah is incumbent on the Beis Din to circumcise the child if the father failed to do it. The third Mitzvah is incumbent on the person himself, when he becomes an adult, if both the father and Beis Din failed to do it.

I argue that according to the Sefer Charedim, a person whose father did not circumcise him possesses 614 Mitzvos -- the 613 of all other Jews which includes the Mitzvah to circumcise his sons, plus the special Mitzvah that most people do not possess, namely the Mitzvah to circumcise himself. This is similar to what the Maharal of Prague writes, that a Ger possesses 616 Mitzvos, three more than all other Jews possess, and one of these is the Mitzvah that when he has become a Ger, he has already ensured that he is circumcised.

Kol Tuv,

Dovid Bloom