Why does the Torah insert the word "Asher Nata Kerem"?
Sotah, 43a-b: To incorporate in the current Halachah someone who a. grafted 1 or transplanted the branch of a vine; b. purchased, inherited or received a vineyard as a gift; 2 c. planted five vines or any other fruit-trees. 3
Sotah (Ibid.): Though not if he grafted it be'Isur (Kil'ayim) as implied by the word "ve'Lo Chil'lo" - See Torah Temimah, notes 24 & 29).
See Torah Temimah, notes 25.
Sotah (Ibid.): But not four fruit-trees - which are not called a vineyard, or five non-fruiit bearing trees - See Torah Temimah, note 27 who queries why this D'rashah is necessary..
What if a soldier owns a vineyard together with a partner?
Sotah, 43b: He does not return from the battle-front, since the vine-yard is not exclusively his. 1
The same ought to apply to a room which measures less than eight by four Amos. See Torah Temimah, note 28.
What are the connotations of " ? asher Nata Kerem ve'Lo Chil'lo"?
Rashi and Targum Yonasan: It means that he did not redeem the fruit in the fourth year - Kerem R'vai (from a Kohen 1 ? Targum Yonasan) and take it, or the money with which he redeemed it, to Yerushalayim and eat it (or food purchased with the redemption-money) there.
Ramban #1: It means that he did not redeem the fruit of his vineyard with dancing and Chalilim (flutes) - as was customary in those days, or with Hilulim (songs of praise). 2
Ramban #2: It means that he did not make the fruit Chulin - by redeeming it.
Yerushalmi Sotah, 5:4: It implies that the current Halachah does not apply apply to someone who planted a vineyard in Chutz la'Aretz, since it is not a Mitzvah to redeem its fruit.
Targum Yonasan: In Kedoshim Vayikra, 19:24, Targum Yonasan also states that Revai is redeemed from the Kohanim, unlike Chazal, who say that the owner eats it (or food bought with its redemption money) in Yerushalayim. This requires investigation. ? PF). See Na'ar Yonasan in Kedoshim (Ibid.) who deals with this question at length.
Ramban: "Kodesh Hilulim", as the Torah writes The Torah writes in Kedoshim Vayikra, 19:24 - and the letters 'Hey' and 'Ches' are interchangeable.
