What is the meaning of "Letz ha'Yayin Homeh Shechar"?
R. Yonah: It is as if says Letz Ish ha'Yayin, Homeh Ish Shechar. ['Ish' is omitted], like "va'Ani Tefilah" (Tehilim 109:4) - I am an Ish Tefilah. Because it taught that judgments are prepared for Letzim (19:29), it now informs one cause that begets this Midah in a person, so people will beware of it. A result of wine is casting off the yoke of the heart. Letzanus is casting off the yoke. Wine leads to this, and sending his tongue to [speak] all his Nefesh's desire - frivolity and mockery. "V'Atah Al Tislotzetzu Pen Yechzeku Mosereichem" (Yeshayah 28:22). This is Midah k'Neged Midah, for the Letz casts off the yoke and snaps ropes.
Orchos Tzadikim (Sha'ar ha'Shetikah DH ha'Chamishi): Sometimes one mocks something, not because he belittles the matter, rather, like people who jest. Sometimes this is due to wine.
Malbim: A Letz mocks the laws of Chachmah. One must receive them with Emunah and a straight heart, since there is no proof for them.
What does the verse teach about a man of wine?
R. Yonah: It teaches three Midos. (a) He is a Letz. (b) Even when he does not mock people, Homeh (he speaks much); anyone who increases words, he brings sin (Avos 1:17). (c) "Lo Yechkam" - he will not succeed in Chachmah, for wine ruins Da'as.
Malbim: Even one who received the laws of Chachmah, if he errs in wine, he will not get wise. Wine is Letz - it mocks the laws of Chachmah, for it rules over the heart and its images to veer from the way of Chachmah to folly. It all looks straight to him. A Letz mocks only Chachmah, but not Da'as. Shechar 1 makes one Homeh - he does not mock with Da'as, only with noise. His Sechel is Batel and he became like an animal, which bleats without Da'as.
Rashi (Vayikra 10:9): Shechar is wine drunk in a way that intoxicates.
Why does it say "Kol Shogeh"?
R. Yonah: He drinks wine constantly, without control or measure.
