What is the meaning of "Misas Nidvas Yadcha"?
Rashi and R. Bachye 1 : It means that one should bring Shalmei Simchah according to the B'rachah that Hashem has bestowed upon him 2 - the more one can afford, the more Shelamim one should bring, and invite people (the poor) 3 to eat them. 4 5
Rashbam: "Misas" means 'enough' - and the Torah is teaching us that it is enough to give according to one's means and it is not necessary to go beyond that.
Chagigah, 8a: The word "Misas" intrisically implies Chulin 6 - to teach us that one should bring one's Korb'nos ha'Chag from Chulin and not from Ma'ser Sheini money. 7
Based on Taargum Onkelos on 15:8 "Dei Mahsoro" - ?ke'Misas Chesrono'.
Refer also to 16:17:1:1*.
The word "Nidvas" implies that one should give in accordance with one's generosity.
R. Bachye: This does not pertain specifically to "Chag Shavu'os" mentioned previously, but extends to all Yamim Tovim; and the reason the Torah inserts it in connection with Shevu'osis to teach us that the Mitzvah of Tzedakah applies just as much on Shavu'os as it does on Pesach and Succos, even though it is only one day.
R. Bachye: Like we find in Esther,10:1 "Vayasem ha'Melech Achashverosh Mas".
Why does the Torah insert the phrase "Ka'asher Yevarech'cha Hashem Elokeha"?
Chagigah, 8a: With reference to 16:10:1:2, it teaches us that if the owner wants to mix in some money of Ma'aser Sheini, he may do so. 1
See Torah Temimah, citing Yerushalmi Chagigah, 1:2 for a similar, more detailed D'rashah. Ses notes 45 & 46.
Seeing as Pesach and Sukos last seven and eight days respectively, why is Shavu'os only one day?
Sifri (in Pasuk 15): Because, as opposed to Pesach and Sukos, which fall on days that are not busy work days, it falls duting the harvest season where everybody is busy working in the fields - to teach us that the Torah has compassion on the money of Yisrael.
