Explanation: This is not precise, for Kush fathered Nimrod, and we do not find that that Rasha (Nevuchadnetzar) descends from Kush!

Rather, [he is called his grandson] due to his deeds. Also he ruled in Bavel.

Explanation: This is not because [Nevuchadnetzar] was not older [than 70 years];

Go calculate from the days of Sancheriv, for shortly after [Sancheriv's] downfall, regarding [the letter] that Bladan sent to Chizkiyah, we find that [Nevuchadnetzar] was a scribe in [Bladan's] house, and from this he merited kingship, like it says in Sanhedrin (96a)!

Rather, he mentions the usual case [of people's lifetimes].

Correction: Some correct the text of Kedushah that ha'Kalir established "veha'Chayos Asher Henah Meruba'os l'Chisei Kaf Regel Chamesh Me'os v'Chamesh Esreh";

They erase the "Vov" [from v'Chamesh], and say that then the calculation works, for there are seven firmaments and eight spaces. (Each is 500 years thick, so in all) this is 15 times 500;

This corresponds to the Gematriya of [Regel] Yesharah; Shin Reish is 500, and Yud-Kei is 15, for a Siman that it is 15 times this (500).

Rebuttal: There was no need to erase the Vov. He (ha'Kalir) based his words on the Yerushalmi. R. Levi said that from the ground to the firmament is a journey of 500 years;

Citation (Yerushalmi - R. Berachiyah and R. Chelbo in the name of R. Aba Semukah): More than this is one foot [of the Chayos], which is like the Gematriya of Yesharah. See how much higher than our world...!

Inference: This is like the number that [ha'Kalir] established, 515.

Observation: In several places he abandoned the Bavli and adopted the Yerushalmi's opinion, for he was a Tana. He was R. Elazar b'Rebbi Shimon;

It was said about him "from every spice peddler's fragrances (he achieved in every facet)" - he was a Tana, author of Krovetz and Piyutim. (The text of the Midrash omits "Krovetz".)

In his days they were Mekadesh [the months] through [witnesses'] sight. He composed a Krovetz only for the first day [of Rosh Hashanah, for there was not yet an enactment to keep two days].

Question (R. Elchanan): We should already know this, for a Nochri who engages in Torah is Chayav Misah, like it says in Sanhedrin (59a)!

Citation (59a): A Nochri who engages in Torah is Chayav Misah, and one who teaches him transgresses Lifnei Iver Lo Siten Michshol.

Suggestion: [Here we teach about] their seven Mitzvos. He is not Chayav Misah for [engaging in] them, like the Gemara says there.

Rejection: It is a Mitzvah to teach them about their Mitzvos! We learn from "Asher Ya'aseh Osam ha'Adam v'Chai Bahem";

It does not say a Kohen or Levi, rather, Adam. Even a Nochri who engages in Torah...

Answer: Here we discuss even when there is another Nochri who wants to teach him, so there is no Lifnei Iver, like we say in Avodah Zarah (6b);

Citation (6b): If one passes a cup of wine to a Nazir, he transgressed Lifnei Iver;

Citation (cont.): This is only if they are on different banks of a river, so if he did not pass it to him, he could not bring it to himself. If not, he does not transgress Lifnei Iver.

Also here, even when there is another Nochri who wants to teach him, so there is no Lifnei Iver, it is forbidden due to "Magid Devarav l'Yakov..."

Explanation (R. Chananel): This is because they are from glimmering coals, and they normally resemble other Serafim, and spew out a flame and the spark returns. This is running and returning.

Explanation: This is like it says in Gitin (56b), that anyone who afflicts Yisrael becomes a head (important). I.e. they already become a head before they afflict them.

Explanation: He makes crowns from the Tefilos of Tzadikim.

Explanation: He needs to bring Simanim to others before they will believe him, for he saw the king not in his (the king's) place, and [the king] is not usually seen there;

Similarly, here Yechezkeil said that he already saw Him by a river, therefore those who heard him were astounded.

Implied question: (Why is this difficult?) One (the latter) discusses Chayos, and one (the former) discusses Serafim!

Answer: In any case, it is reasonable that Chayos have six wings, just like Serafim.

Explanation: Angels come out of it and sing Shirah, and immediately they perish.

Support: The Midrash learns from "Chadashim la'Bekarim" that Hash-m creates angels every day, they sing Shirah, and they perish, like it says below (14a).

This is because there is a Siman in fixed angels. They wait for each other to sing Shirah. The new angels, who do not know the law, rush to sing, and they are worthy to be destroyed for this.

This is why Anshei Keneses ha'Gedolah enacted and established to say in [Birkos Keri'as Shema of] Shacharis "they give permission to each other... They all answer Kedushah [together] like one, and say..."

Also above this, it says "He creates servants, and His servants all stand at the height of the world";

Explanation: Every day He creates new [servants], and they perish, but His fixed servants stand forever.