[37a - 56 lines; 37b - 58 lines]
*********************GIRSA SECTION*********************
We recommend using the textual changes suggested by the Bach and the marginal notes of the Vilna Shas. This section is devoted to any OTHER important corrections that Acharonim have pointed out in the Gemara, Rashi and Tosfos.
[1] Gemara 37a [line 7]:
The words "d'Mistabrei Lei v'Savar" ãîñúáøé ìéä åñáø
should be "d'Masberei Lehu v'Savrei" ãîñáøé ìäå åñáøé
as is found in the Rishonim (Mar'eh Kohen)
[2] Mishnah 37a [line 18]:
"Mah she'Achlu Achlu, u'Mah she'Lo Achlu" îä ùàëìå àëìå åîä ùìà àëìå
The Girsa of the Mishnayos and the ROSH and RAMBAN is
"Mah she'Achlu Achlu, v'Yachzir Lahem Es ha'Damim, u'Mah she'Lo Achlu," îä ùàëìå àëìå åéçæéø ìäí àú äãîéí åîä ùìà àëìå (the same words as the Reisha)
[3] Rashi 37a DH v'Yachzir:
Should be corrected as suggested by Shitah Mekubetzes #13
[4] Gemara 37b [line 29]:
Should be corrected as suggested by Shitah Mekubetzes #11
[5] Gemara 37b [line 35]:
Should be corrected as suggested by Shitah Mekubetzes #13
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1)[line 7][ãîñáøé] (ãîñúáøé) ìéä åñáø[D'MASBEREI] (D'MISTABREI) LEI V'SAVAR- people who are able to understand the principles of vows once they are explained to them
2)[line 10]ðîå÷å òîåNIMUKO IMO- he always offers a clear reasoning for his rulings
3)[line 14]îä ùàëìå àëìåMAH SHE'ACHLU ACHLU- what [the buyers] ate has already been eaten
4)[line 20]îëøåäåMACHRUHU- [the buyers] sold it
5)[line 23]ééï ðñêYAYIN NESECH
(a)Wine that was poured as an idolatrous libation is Asur b'Hana'ah. This is derived from the verse, "Asher Chelev Zevacheimo Yochelu, Yishtu Yein Nesicham" - "Those who ate the fat of their sacrifices, and drank the wine of their drink-offerings" (Devarim 32:38), which compares the wine of libations to an animal sacrificed for idolatrous purposes.
(b)The Chachamim prohibited the wine of a Nochri that was not poured as a libation ("Stam Yeinam") out of fear that drinking wine together would lead to intermarriage. In order to avoid confusion between Yayin Nesech and Stam Yeinam, the Chachamim instituted that Stam Yeinam is also Asur b'Hana'ah (one of the "Eighteen Decrees" — Shabbos 17b). Although this is only an Isur mid'Rabanan, it is a very severe prohibition (see Chochmas Adam 75:1).
6)[line 26]éðëä ìäí àú äãîéíYENAKEH LAHEM ES HA'DAMIM- he must deduct from it value (and return some of the money)
PEREK #6 AL ELU MUMIN
7)[line 39]ðôâîä àæðåNIFGEMAH OZNO- if a piece of its ear was missing
8a)[line 40]çñçåñCHASCHUS- the tragus (the piece of cartilage that projects into the middle of the ear)
b)[line 40]äòåøHA'OR- the skin [atop the cartilage]
9)[line 42]ëøùéðäKARSHINAH- a species of legume used as animal feed, probably the horse-bean (a species of vetch)
10)[line 44]ðôøëúNIFRECHES- crumbles [when rubbed]
11a)[line 47]ëìì åôøè àéï áëìì àìà îä ùáôøèKLAL U'FRAT EIN BI'CHLAL ELA MAH SHEB'FRAT
(a)In the Introduction to the Sifra (the Halachic Midrash to Vayikra), Rebbi Yishmael, who is Doresh Klalei and Peratei (see Background to Menachos 28:31), lists thirteen methods that Chazal use for extracting the Halachah from the verses of the Torah. One of them is Klal u'Ferat, Ein ba'Klal Ela Mah sheba'Perat.
(b)When a Klal (general term) is followed by a Perat (specification), without teaching any new Halachos that pertain to that Perat, then the Halachah of the verse is limited and applies only to the Perat.
b)[line 49]ëìì åôøè åëìì àé àúä ãï àìà ëòéï äôøèKLAL U'FRAT U'CHLAL IY ATAH DAN ELA K'EIN HA'FRAT
(a)In the Introduction to the Sifra (the Halachic Midrash to Vayikra), Rebbi Yishmael, who is Doresh Kelalei and Peratei (see Background to Shevuos 26:5), lists thirteen methods that Chazal use for extracting the Halachah from the verses of the Torah. One of them is Klal u'Frat u'Chlal Iy Atah Dan Ela k'Ein ha'Perat.
(b)When a Klal (general term) is followed by a Prat (specification), which is followed in turn by another Klal, then everything belonging to the general category that is similar to the Prat is included. Anything that is not in the general category of the limiting Prat is not included.
12)[line 54]áåèì îîìàëúåBUTAL MI'MELACHTO- that limb is no longer functional
13)[last line]çåèéï äçéöåðåúCHUTIN HA'CHITZONIYOS- (a) the gums of the incisors (RASHI); (b) the incisors (RABEINU GERSHOM, BARTENURA); (c) the two bulging veins that are seen when the animal opens its mouth (RAMBAM)
14)[last line]ùðâîîåSHE'NIGMEMU- they were leveled
15)[last line]äôðéîéåúHA'PENIMIYOS- (a) the gums of the molars (RASHI); (b) the molars (RABEINU GERSHOM, BARTENURA); (c) the protrusions of the windpipe (RAMBAM)
37b----------------------------------------37b
16)[line 23]ëòãùäK'ADASHAH- the size of a lentil bean
17a)[line 31]ñåìHA'SOL- (O.F. broche) a piece of pointed wood
b)[line 31]ñéøäHA'SIRAH- a thorn
c)[line 31]äî÷ãçHA'MAKDE'ACH- an auger, a tool for making holes in wood, consisting of a crosswise handle fitted to a straight metal rod having a screw point
d)[line 31]äîëúáHA'MECHATEV- a metal stylus
18)[line 36]îéìúMILAS- an ear lobe
19)[line 40]âåáä ùì àåæïGOVAH SHEL OZEN- the upper part of the ear
20)[line 44]äòåîãúHA'OMEDES- which is a perfect fit
21)[line 45]äâåìâåìúHA'GULGOLES- the skull
22)[line 47]çåìéåúCHULIYOS- vertebrae
23)[line 53]ùîòúúàSHEMAITSA- a statement of Amora'im
24)[line 55]îàåø ùìà ðòùä áéãé àãíMA'OR SHE'LO NA'ASAH BI'YEDEI ADAM- an opening for light (a window) that was formed by natural causes
25)[line 56]àâøåóEGROF- fist
26)[last line]ôåðãéåï ùì äàéèì÷éPUNDYON SHEL HA'ITALKI- the Dupondium, a Roman coin
27)[last line]ðéøåðéúNIRONIS- of the Roman emperor Nero