(Mishnah): Patches of grains that are growing between olive trees - Beis Shammai say that he gives Peah for each patch separately; Beis Hillel say that he gives Peah once for all of them.

Both agree that if the ends of the rows border one another, he gives one Peah for all of them.

If a person made a 'speckled' arrangement {Menamer} in his field (by harvesting parts and leaving parts) and he left behind some moist stalks -

(R. Akiva): He gives Peah for each part (i.e. the moist and the dry) separately.

(Chachamim): He gives one Peah for all of it (both the moist and the dry).

Chachamim agree to R. Akiva that if he planted dill or mustard seeds in three places, he gives Peah for each one separately.

(Gemara): Our text states, '(Patches of grains that are growing) between olive trees'; the Baraisa of Rebbi states, '(Patches of grains that are growing) between trees'.

The Mishnah needs the Baraisa and the Baraisa needs the Mishnah - with only the Mishnah, I would think that they only said 'between olive trees', which is something that is obligated in Peah; but as for something exempt from Peah, even Beis Shammai agree that he gives one Peah for all; therefore the Baraisa was needed.

And with only the Baraisa, I would think that they only said 'between the trees' as referring to something that is exempt from Peah, but for something obligated in Peah, even Beis Hillel agree that he gives Peah for each one; therefore the Mishnah was needed and the Baraisa was needed.

What is the case? If the trees are planted more widely than 10 in a Beis Seah, even Beis Shammai agree that (the trees do not divide and) he gives one Peah for all of it; if they are densely planted, even Beis Hillel agree that he gives Peah for each part of the field...

Rather, there are 10 trees planted in a Beis Seah - Beis Shammai view them as densely planted and Beis Hillel view them as sparsely planted.

Question: What is the reasoning of Beis Shammai? People do not plant seeds between trees (as the shade is bad for their growth - so he must have planted the trees to divide).

Beis Shammai follow a similar reasoning to R. Yosi, who said that people do not insert onions between their vegetables. (See later, Halachah 3 - Zevachim daf 25 - R. Yosi says there that one who plants onions between his vegetable patches should give Peah for each patch of onions separately.)

Rebuttal: It is logical to say that Beis Shammai agree with R. Yosi but R. Yosi does not agree with Beis Shammai. Beis Shammai would agree that people do not plant onions between their vegetables; but R. Yosi would not agree with Beis Shammai, as people do plant seeds between their trees.

Question #1: If there was (only) one tree there but its branches were interlinked like a fence, does it divide?

Question #2: When the Mishnah taught that if the ends of the rows border one another, (they are not divided and) he gives one Peah for all of them, was it discussing when one end borders (or when both ends border)?

Question #3: Must they border at a width of three furrows or even any amount? (These three questions remain unanswered.)

(The Mishnah taught a dispute between the Tannaim when) a person made a 'spotted' arrangement {Menamer}. The word 'Menamer' comes from the word 'Namer', meaning leopard. Here also, the crops ripened quicker in the more fertile areas of the field and they were cut first, creating a spotted appearance to the field.

When the Chachamim said (see (c) 2.) that he gives one Peah for the entire field, it is when the edges are dry and the middle is moist, but if it was dry in the middle and moist on the edges, they agree to R. Akiva that he gives Peah for each part separately.

(R. Ba/ R. Chiya citing R. Yochanan): R. Meir follows the opinion of his teacher, R. Akiva - just as R. Akiva said that moist and dry are considered two species, so too R. Meir said this. (See earlier daf 17-1(b) - beginning of 2nd Perek.)

Question (Chevraya to R. Yosi): Why did they say that R. Meir follows the view of R. Akiva - the Chachamim also follow him, as the (next) Mishnah states, 'If one separates out moist onions for the market and leaves the dry ones for storage (he gives Peah for each separately)'.

Answer (R. Yosi): (Not correct!) The real reasoning of the Chachamim is that since part will be sold in the market and part will be stored away, they are considered two species.

Question: Does this show that moist and dry are two species? If half is moist and half is dry, even R. Akiva agrees (as he didn't say 'one who harvests dry and leave moist'; he said 'one who made a 'spotted' arrangement in his field' - which implies that if he had cut both moist and dry together, even R. Akiva agrees that he gives one Peah for everything...?!

(The end of the Mishnah taught that the Chachamim agree to R. Akiva that if he planted dill or mustard seeds in three places, (he gives Peah for each one separately). This means that he planted dill in three places or mustard in three places.

(Shmuel): (Why do the Chachamim agree to R. Akiva?) Because they do not all ripen at the same time.

(R. Yochanan): Because they are species that are usually planted in separate patches.

According to Shmuel, he must give Peah for each stalk separately; according to R. Yochanan, he must give for each patch.