Question: R. Avuha gave a source for Mechusar Begadim. What is the source that Shtuyei Yayin is Mechalel Avodah in an Avodah where a Zar does not incur Misah?

Answer: We learn a Gezerah Shavah "Chukah-Chukah" from Mechusar Begadim.

Question: The Tana learned from "u'Lehavdil..."!

Answer: That was before he learned the Gezerah Shavah.

Question: The Tana learned Mechusar Begadim from Shtuyei Yayin!

Answer: He meant, what is the source that the laws of Shtuyei Yayin, Mechusar Begadim and one who did not wash are all the same (i.e. they are Mechalel Avodah in all Avodos)?

He answered, we learn from "Chukah-Chukah".

Question: If so, what do we learn from "u'Lehavdil..."?

Answer: We learn that one may not give rulings after drinking.

Rav would not teach after drinking on Yom Tov, until the next day, due to intoxication.

Question: We have another source for Mechusar Begadim!

"V'Nasenu Bnei Aharon ha'Kohen" - Aharon must be like a (proper) Kohen Gadol. If he served in garments of a regular Kohen, the Avodah is Pasul.

Answer: From there, we would learn only Avodos that are Me'akev Kaparah.

Question: We have yet another source for Mechusar Begadim!

"V'Arechu Bnei Aharon ha'Kohanim" - the Kohanim must be in their (proper) Kehunah - if a regular Kohen served in the garments of the Kohen Gadol, the Avodah is Pasul.

Answer: If we only learned from "v'Nasenu...", one might have thought that Avodah with too few garments is Pasul, but extra garments are not Mechalel Avodah. "V'Arechu..." teaches that also this disqualifies.

(Beraisa): If the Bigdei Kehunah were dragging on the floor, or too high off the ground (too short), or worn, they are Kosher;

If a Kohen wore at once two pairs of Michnesayim (pants), or two Avnetim (belts), or was wearing one garment too little or too many, or if he had a bandage under his garment, the garments were dirty with mud or torn, he is Mechalel Avodah.

(Shmuel): If the Bigdei Kehunah were dragging on the floor, the Avodah is Kosher. If they were too high off the ground, it is Pasul.

Question (Beraisa): If they were too high off the ground, it is Kosher.

Answer (Rami bar Chama): If the garments are long enough, but the Avnet holds them up too high, it is Kosher. If the garments themselves are too short, it is Pasul.

(Rav): Whether they hang too low or too high, the Avodah is Pasul.

The son of Rav Huna's host: Did Shmuel really say that if the garments were dragging, the Avodah is Kosher, and if they were too high, it is Pasul?

The Beraisa says that if they were too high, it is Kosher!

Rav Huna: Rami bar Chama already answered that (above).

Question: (Rav said that whether they hang too low or too high, the Avodah is Pasul. The Beraisa is Machshir both. We can explain the case of too high like Shmuel did, but) how can you answer for Rav (when they hang too low)?

Suggestion: Rav explains that the Beraisa is Machshir when the garments are 'dragging on the floor', i.e. they are too long, but the Avnet holds them up to the proper length.

Rejection: If so, we must say that being held up is like being cut to size;

If so, when they are too high off the ground (even if they are just being held too high, it is as if they are cut too short,) the Avodah should be Pasul! (Why is the Beraisa Machshir?)

Answer (R. Zeira): Rav explains that the Beraisa discusses one case. If the Bigdei Kehunah were so long that they would drag on the floor, but the Avnet kept them up, the Avodah is Kosher.

(R. Yirmeyah mi'Difti): Tana'im argue about Bigdei Kehunah that are too long and were not held up. (NOTE: it seems that this is a second answer to question (i), but 'Amar R. Yirmeyah' connotes otherwise.)

(Beraisa #1): "Al Arba Kanfos Kesusecha" excludes a three-cornered garment from Tzitzis.

Suggestion: Perhaps this excludes only a five-cornered garment!

Rejection: "Asher Techaseh Bah" includes a five-cornered garment. Therefore, "Arba" excludes three (-cornered garments).

Question: Why learn this way, and not oppositely?

Answer: A five cornered garment has four corners. A three cornered garment does not.

(Beraisa #2): "Al Arba Kanfos Kesusecha" excludes a three or five-cornered garment from Tzitzis.

Suggestion: The Tana'im argue about whether we ignore something extra. (The former ignores it. He would be Machshir if Bigdei Kehunah drag on the ground.)

Rejection: No, all agree that we do not ignore it;

The first Tana expounds "Asher Techaseh Bah" to obligate a five-cornered garment

Question: What does the second Tana learn from this?

Answer: It obligates a blind person's garment.

(Beraisa): "U'Re'isem Oso" excludes a night garment;

Suggestion: Perhaps it rather excludes a blind person's garment!

Rejection: "Asher Techaseh Bah" includes a blind person's garment. Therefore, "u'Re'isem Oso" excludes a night garment.

Question: Why learn this way, and not oppositely?

Answer: It is more reasonable to learn this way, because other people see (Techeiles on) a blind person's garment, but no one sees a night garment.

The first Tana learns this from "Asher".

The second Tana does not expound "Asher".

(Beraisa): "Vad" teaches that the garments must be linen, new, twined, the threads must be six-fold, and Chulin garments should not be worn with them.

Question (Abaye): I understand that they must be linen, but they need not be new!

(Beraisa): If they are worn, the Avodah is Kosher.

Counter-question (Rav Yosef): How do you understand 'the threads must be six-fold'? "Vad" connotes alone (single-stranded)!

Answer to both questions (Rav Yosef): The Beraisa means, garments that are called "Vad" (i.e. those of a regular Kohen) should be linen, new, twined, of six-fold threads, and Chulin garments should not be worn with them;

Some of these conditions are Me'akev. Others are not.

Question: What is the source that "Vad" means linen?

Answer #1 (R. Yosi b'Rebbi Chanina): It means something that grows individually (one stalk from one seed).

Question: Perhaps it is wool! (It comes off the sheep in individual strands.)

Answer: Strands of wool split and become doubled.

Question: Linen (before it is spun) also splits!

Answer: It splits only when it is beaten, but not on its own.

Answer #2 (Ravina): "Pa'arei Pishtim Yihyu Al Rosham... Lo Yachgeru ba'Yaza."

Question (Rav Ashi): If so, how did we know that it is linen before Yechezkeil taught this verse?

Counter-question (Ravina): "Kol Ben Nechar Erel Lev v'Erel Basar Lo Yavo El Mikdashi (a Rasha or Arel may not enter the Mikdash)." How did we know the law before Yechezkeil?

Answer to both questions (Ravina): You must say that it was a tradition from Moshe from Sinai. Yechezkeil wrote a verse that alludes to it.

Question: What do we learn from "Lo Yachgeru ba'Yaza"?

Answer (Abaye): Kohanim do not wear the Avnet in a place where people are Mezi'ah (sweat).

(Beraisa): They do not wear the Avnet below the loins or above the elbows, rather, even with the elbows.