Mishnah 1
1)
(a)The Mishnah now discusses what it calls 'the Kidush'. What is the Kidush?
(b)What will be the Din if some of the Kidush falls ...
1. ... on to the Kohen's hand or on to the side of the K'li, and from there into the trough containing the Mei Chatas (see Tos. Yom-Tov DH 'va'Achar-Kach' & 'Nafal ... ')?
2. ... directly from the tube into the trough?
(c)Why is that (based on the Pasuk "ve'Lakchu ve'Nasan")?
1)
(a)The Mishnah now discusses what it calls 'the Kidush' - the ashes of the Parah.
(b)If some of the Kidush falls ...
1. ... on to the Kohen's hand or on to the side of the K'li, and from there into the trough containing the Mei Chatas (see Tos. Yom-Tov), or if they fall (see Tos. Yom-Tov) ...
2. ... directly from the tube into the trough - the water is Pasul ...
(c)... because, as the Pasuk "ve'Lakchu ve'Nasan" implies - the ashes must be placed into the water via the force of a man (Ko'ach Gavra).
2)
(a)If, after taking some ashes out of the tube (but before performing the Kidush), the Kohen covers the tube with them or simply shuts a door, what does the Mishnah say about ...
1. ... the remainder of the ashes that he is still holding in his hand?
2. ... the water in the trough?
(b)What is the reason for this distinction?
(c)And what if, at that stage, he ...
1. ... stands the tube on the floor? Why does he do that?
2. ... covers the tube with his hand? Why is that?
2)
(a)If, after taking some ashes out of the tube (but before performing the Kidush), the Kohen covers the tube with them or simply shuts a door, the Mishnah declares ...
1. ... Kasher the remainder of the ashes that he is still holding in his hand.
2. ... Pasul the water in the trough ...
(b)... because the water becomes Pasul if the Kohen performs Melachah up to the actual Kidush, but not the ashes.
(c)And if, at that stage, he ...
1. ... stands the tube on the floor - to prevent the ashes from spilling, the water also becomes Pasul, but not if he ...
2. ... covers the tube with his hand - because it is impossible to guard it without covering it with his hand (seeing as he cannot return the stopper until he has performed the Kidush).
3)
(a)Alternatively, what might the Tana mean when he says 'Zakfah la'Aretz, Pasul'?
(b)What is then the reason for ...
1. ... this ruling?
2. ... the Seifa 'le'Toch Yado, Kasher'?
(c)What is the difference between the two versions?
3)
(a)Alternatively, when the Tana says 'Zakfah la'Aretz Pasul', he might mean that - the Kohen places the ashes on the floor.
(b)And the reason for ...
1. ... this ruling is - because the Torah writes "le'Mishmeres", and ashes that are lying on the floor are not subject to guarding.
2. ... the Seifa 'le'Toch Yado, Kasher' is - because it is possible to guard the ashes in one's hand.
(c)The difference between the two texts is - whether one reads it 'Mipnei she'I Efshar' (first Lashon) or 'Mipnei she'Efshar' (second Lashon [as we explained] see also Tos. Yom-Tov.)
Mishnah 2
4)
(a)The Mishnah now discusses Kidush that is floating on the surface of Mei Parah. What do R. Meir and R. Shimon say about using ...
1. ... some of it to be Mekadesh another Mei Parah?
2. ... ashes that remain at the bottom of the K'li after all the water has been used up for Haza'os?
(b)On what condition is this permitted?
(c)The Chachamim disagree. What do they say in both cases?
(d)Like whom is the Halachah in both rulings?
4)
(a)The Mishnah now discusses ashes that are floating on the surface of Mei Parah. R. Meir and R. Shimon permit using ...
1. ... some of it to be Mekadesh another Mei Parah, as they do ...
2. ... ashes that remain at the bottom of the K'li after all the water has been used up for Haza'os ...
(b)... provided they are dry.
(c)The Chachamim - invalidate the ashes from further use once they have touched the water.
(d)The Halachah in both rulings - is like the Chachamim.
Mishnah 3
5)
(a)The Mishnah talks about a T'fi that is standing in a trough in which one made Kidush. What is a T'fi?
(b)What does the Tana say about the water that seeped into it?
(c)Why might we have thought otherwise?
(d)Then why is it Kadosh?
5)
(a)The Mishnah talks about a T'fi - a small earthenware jar with a mouth that is so narrow that even water that one pours into it, enters drop by drop, that is standing in a trough in which one made Kidush (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
(b)The Tana rules that the water that seeped into it - is Kadosh and can be used for Mei Chatas.
(c)We might have thought otherwise - because, due to its narrow mouth, no ashes can fit into it.
(d)Nevertheless, it is Kadosh - because it is considered joined to the water in the trough.
6)
(a)If there is a sponge in the trough, what is the status of the water that it contains?
(b)What must the Kohen do in that case?
(c)Why is that? What are we worried about?
(d)And what if he touched the sponge?
6)
(a)If there is a sponge in the trough, the water that it contains - is not Kadosh.
(b)The Kohen must gently pour the water from the trough into the flask from which he intends to make Haza'ah (see Tos. Yom-Tov) ...
(c)... because if as much as one drop from the sponge mixes with the rest of the water, it will invalidate it.
(d)Should he touch the sponge - we assume that he squeezed some water from it, and all the water becomes Pasul.
Mishnah 4
7)
(a)What does the Mishnah say about placing one's hand or foot, or even vegetable leaves in the path of water that is flowing down a hill, to divert some of it into a barrel for Mei Parah?
(b)What if he uses bamboo leaves or leaves of a nut-tree?
(c)Why the difference?
7)
(a)The Mishnah rules that if one places one's hand or foot, or even vegetable leaves in the path of water that is flowing down a hill, to divert some of it into a barrel for Mei Chatas - it is Pasul.
(b)If he uses bamboo leaves or leaves of a nut-tree - the water is Kasher ...
(c)... because, whereas the former are subject to Tum'ah, the latter are not.
8)
(a)The source for the former ruling is the Pasuk in Shemini "Mikveh Mayim Yih'yeh Tahor". How do we learn the principle from there?
(b)What does that have to do with Mei Chatas?
8)
(a)The source for the former ruling is the Pasuk in Shemini "Mikveh Mayim Yih'yeh Tahor" which teaches us that - a Mikvah must be formed with materials that are Tahor (not subject to Tum'ah).
(b)Even though the Pasuk is talking about Mikvah - the word "Yih'yeh" teaches us that the same Din extends to the preparation of all water that renders Tahor (such as Mei Chatas).
Mishnah 5
9)
(a)In which two regards (besides Mei Chatas) does the Mishnah disqualify water from a spring that one diverted into a wine pit or pool?
(b)On what condition is it Pasul?
(c)Why is it Pasul?
(d)What additional reason does the Tana give for disqualifying it from Kidush Mei Chatas (see Tiferes Yisrael), even if they did not interrupt the flow (Tos. Yom-Tov)?
(e)Why is that?
9)
(a)The Mishnah disqualifies water from a spring that one diverted into a wine pit - from Tevilas Zavim and Haza'as Metzora'im (as well as from Mei Chatas).
(b)It is only Pasul however - if one also stopped the flow ...
(c)... because then it is no longer Mayim Chayim (spring water, which Tevilas Zavim and Haza'as Metzora'im requires.
(d)The Tana adds that in any event, the water is Pasul for Kidush Mei Chatas (see Tiferes Yisrael), even if they did not interrupt the flow (Tos. Yom-Tov) ...
(e)... because it requires a K'li.
Hadran alach 'ha'Mekadesh'
