Mishnah 1
1)
(a)What does the Mishnah mean when it says that ...
1. ... Eretz Yisrael is Tahor? To which sort of towns is it referring?
2. ... the Mikva'os of Eretz Yisrael are Tahor?
(b)What is the reason for the earlier ruling? Why might we have thought otherwise?
(c)The Tana refers to Mikva'os in Chutz la'Aretz that are filled with Kilon. What is Kilon?
(d)What does he say about them?
1)
(a)When the Mishnah says that ...
1. ... Eretz Yisrael is Tahor - it is referring even to towns of Kutim (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
2. ... the Mikva'os of Eretz Yisrael are Tahor (see Tos. Yom-Tov) it means that - we automatically assume them to comprise rainwater, and not Mayim She'uvim.
(b)The reason for the earlier ruling is - because Chazal did not include Eretz Yisrael in the decree of Tum'as ha'Amim.
(c)The Tana refers to Mikva'os in Chutz la'Aretz that are filled with Kilon - water that is poured into a ditch and that flows into the Mikvah [see Tos. Yom-Tov & Tiferes Yisrael]).
(d)He declares them Kasher for a Ba'al Keri.
2)
(a)And what does the Tana Kama say about Mikva'os in Eretz Yisrael that are ...
1. ... outside the gates of the city?
2. ... inside the city?
(b)Why are they not Kasher for other Teme'im?
(c)Then why are those in the Reisha Kasher even for Nidos?
2)
(a)The Tana Kama declares Mikva'os in Eretz Yisrael that are ...
1. ... outside the gates of the city - Kasher even for Nidos.
2. ... inside the city - are Kasher only for Ba'alei Kera'in ...
(b)... but not for other Teme'im - because the many people who use them for bathing and washing clothes tend to form them by pouring Mayim She'uvim into them (See Tiferes Yisrael).
(c)Those in the Reisha are nevertheless Kasher even for Nidos - because they are not used frequently.
3)
(a)R. Eliezer disagrees with the Tana Kama regarding Mikva'os that are close to the city and to the path leading from the city. What does he say?
(b)Like whom is the Halachah?
3)
(a)R. Eliezer disagrees with the Tana Kama regarding Mikva'os that are close to the city and to the path leading from the city - which he declares Tamei, because, he maintains they are frequently used for washing clothes.
(b)The Halachah is - like the Tana Kama.
Mishnah 2
4)
(a)Discussing a Ba'al Keri, what does the Tana say about a man who is urinating and who emits Chalukim (drops like a chain [see Tos. Yom-Tov]) or Achurim (a sort of dirty water) ...
1. ... at the beginning?
2. ... in the middle or at the end?
3. ... from beginning to end?
(b)What does the Tana Kama say in a case where he emitted a substance that was white and sticky?
(c)R. Yossi disagrees. What does he say?
(d)Like whom is the Halachah?
4)
(a)Discussing a Ba'al Keri, the Tana rules that a man who is urinating and who emits Chalukim (drops like a chain [see Tos. Yom-Tov]) or Achurim (a sort of dirty water) ...
1. ... at the beginning - is Tahor.
2. ... in the middle or at the end is Tamei (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
3. ... from beginning to end - is Tahor (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
(b)In a case where he emits a substance that is white and sticky - the Tana Kama declares him Tamei.
(c)R. Yossi maintains that - it is no different than Achurim (see [a]).
(d)The Halachah is - like the Tana Kama.
Mishnah 3
5)
(a)What does R. Elazar Chisma say about someone who emits thick drops from his Amah?
(b)The Mishnah now discusses someone who has thoughts in his dream, wakes up and finds that his Amah is hot. What sort of thoughts is the Tana talking about?
(c)What does the Tana conclude?
(d)If so, why did he not find Keri?
5)
(a)R. Elazar Chisma rules that someone who emits thick drops from his Amah - is Tamei (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
(b)The Mishnah now discusses someone who has thoughts in his dream that - he had relations with a woman, wakes up and finds that his Amah is hot.
(c)The Tana concludes that - he is Tamei (see Tos. Yom-Tov) ...
(d)... and the reason he did not find Keri is - because there was very little and it became absorbed in his bed-clothes.
6)
(a)What does R. Elazar ben Azaryah say about a woman who emits Zera on the third day after Tashmish?
(b)What is the minimum amount of Onos that this covers?
(c)What is an Onah?
(d)Assuming that the Tashmish took place on Thursday, when on Thursday would it have taken place, and when did the emission then take place to cover the shortest possible period?
6)
(a)R. Elazar ben Azaryah rules that a woman who emits Zera on the third day after Tashmish - is Tahor (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
(b)The minimum amount of full Onos that this covers is - two.
(c)An Onah is - a twelve-hour (either day or night) period.
(d)Assuming that the Tashmish took place on Thursday, it would it have taken place on Thursday evening (before nightfall), and the emission just after the entry of Shabbos, to cover the shortest possible period.
7)
(a)What does R. Yishmael rule in the case of a woman who emits Zera on the third day after Tashmish?
(b)What exactly does he say?
(c)According to him, when is the latest time for the Tashmish to have taken place for a woman who has the emission on Friday night to remain Tahor?
(d)R. Akiva compromises between the two opinions. What does he say?
(e)Like whom is the Halachah?
7)
(a)R. Yishmael rules that a woman who emits Zera on the third day after Tashmish - is Tamei (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
(b)What he actually says is - sometimes it is four Onos, sometimes five and sometimes six (but never less than four).
(c)According to him, the latest time for the Tashmish to have taken place for a woman who has the emission on Friday night to remain Tahor is - on Wednesday evening (before nightfall).
(d)R. Akiva compromises between the two opinions. He says that - it takes five Onos for the woman to become Tahor (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
(e)The Halachah is - like R. Elazar ben Azaryah (See Tos, Yom-Tov).
Mishnah 4
8)
(a)What distinction does the Mishnah draw between a Nochris who emits the Zera of a Yisrael and a Yisre'elis who emits the Zera of a Nochri?
(b)To what extent is the latter Tahor?
(c)And what does the Tana say about a woman who Tovels after Tashmish without having first cleaned herself properly?
(d)Why is that?
8)
(a)The Mishnah declares the Zera of a Yisrael emitted by a Nochris - Tamei (see Tos. Yom-Tov & Tiferes Yisrael), but that of a Nochri emitted by a Yisre'elis - Tahor ...
(b)... even mi'de'Rabbanan.
(c)The Tana also rules that a woman who Tovels after Tashmish without having first cleaned herself properly (see Tos. Yom-Tov) - remains Tamei ...
(d)... because we suspect that some Zera remains close to the surface of the womb which will render her Tamei when it is exuded.
9)
(a)What does the Tana Kama say about a Ba'al Keri who Tovels without having first urinated?
(b)Why is that?
9)
(a)The Tana Kama issues the same ruling - (Tamei) regarding a Ba'al Keri who Tovels without having first urinated, as he just issued in the parallel case of the woman ...
(b)... and for basically the same reason - in case some Zera remains inside the Amah, which will render the man Tamei when it emerges whilst urinating).
10)
(a)R. Yossi qualifies the Tana Kama's latter ruling. In which case does he ...
1. ... agree with him?
2. ... disagree with him?
(b)Why is that?
(c)Up to what point is a man considered young and healthy in this regard?
(d)Like whom is the Halachah?
10)
(a)R. Yossi qualifies the Tana Kama's latter ruling ...
1. ... agreeing with him - in the case of a sick or an old man, but ...
2. ... disagreeing with him - in case of a healthy young man ...
(b)... who emits his Zera with force, so that nothing remains inside the Amah.
(c)A man is considered young and healthy in this regard - as long as he is able to stand on one foot tie and untie the shoelaces on the other one.
(d)The Halachah is - like R. Yossi (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
Mishnah 5
11)
(a)What does the Mishnah say about a Nidah (see Tos. Yom-Tov) who Tovels with a coin in her mouth regarding her status vis-a-vis ...
1. ... her husband (see Tos. Yom-Tov)?
2. ... herself (see Tos. Yom-Tov)?
(b)Why is that?
11)
(a)The Mishnah rules that a Nidah (see Tiferes Yisrael) who Tovels with a coin in her mouth is ...
1. ... Tahor from Tum'as Nidah (and permitted to her husband [see Tos. Yom-Tov]), but ...
2. ... remains a Rishon le'Tum'ah ...
(b)... due to the spit that was attached to the coin already before she Toveled (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
12)
(a)What does the Tana say about a Nidah (see Tiferes Yisrael) who Tovels with ...
1. ... some of her hair in her mouth?
2. ... a tight fist or with tight lips?
(b)And what about a man who holds on to ...
1. ... his friend whilst the latter Tovels?
2. ... the vessels that he is Toveling?
(c)What is the common reason for all these rulings?
(d)Then why is the Tevilah valid in the first case in the Mishnah? Why is the coin not considered a Chatzitzah?
12)
(a)The Tana states that a Nidah (see Tos. Yom-Tov) who Tovels with ...
1. ... some of her hair in her mouth, or who Tovels with ...
2. ... a tight fist or with tight lips - may as well not have Toveled ...
(b)... and the same applies to a man who holds on to ...
1. ... his friend whilst the latter Tovels, or ...
2. ... the vessels that he is Toveling.
(c)The common reason for all these rulings is - because there is a Chatzitzah between the flesh of the person who is Toveling and the water ...
(d)... and the reason that in the first case in the Mishnah the coin is not considered a Chatzitzah is - because it is loose.
13)
(a)On what condition will the Tevilah in the previous two cases be valid?
(b)Why is that?
13)
(a)The Tevilah in the previous two cases will be valid - if the person holding on wets his hands first ...
(b)... because then the water on his hands joins with the water in the Mikvah, and there is no Chatzitzah.
14)
(a)R. Shimon is more lenient than the Tana Kama. What does he say?
(b)On what grounds does the Tana Kama dispute that (see Tos. Yom-Tov)?
(c)Like whom is the Halachah?
14)
(a)R. Shimon permits the person who is holding on to the person or the Keilim being Toveled - to merely loosen his grip for the Tevilah to be valid.
(b)The Tana Kama disputes that - in case he fails to do so (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
(c)The Halachah is - like the Tana Kama.
15)
(a)The Tana now discusses Beis ha'Setarim and Beis ha'Kematim. What is the definition of ...
1. ... Beis ha'Setarim?
2. ... Beis ha'Kematim?
(b)In whom is Beis ha'Kematim most common?
(c)What is the Halachah with regard to the Beis ha'Setarim and the Beis ha'Kematim?
(d)How do we learn this from the Pasuk in Tazri'a "ve'Chol asher Yiga bo ha'Zav, ve'Yadav lo Shataf ba'Mayim"?
(e)Why can this Pasuk not be understood literally?
15)
(a)The Tana now discusses ...
1. ... Beis ha'Setarim - such as inside the ears, the nose or the mouth.
2. ... Beis ha'Kematim - such as under the arm-pits or in the folds of the genitals.
(b)Beis ha'Kematim is most common - in elderly people, who have more wrinkles than younger ones.
(c)The water does not need to reach the Beis ha'Setarim and the Beis ha'Kematim ...
(d)... and we learn this from the Pasuk in Tazri'a "ve'Chol asher Yiga bo ha'Zav, ve'Yadav lo Shataf ba'Mayim" - implying that just as one's hands are automatically visible, so too, do only parts of the body that are automatically visible need to have contact with the water (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
(e)This Pasuk cannot be understood literally - because a Zav requires his entire body to be immersed in Mayim Chayim, and not just his hands.
16)
(a)On what condition is Tevilas Beis ha'Setarim and Beis ha'Kematim valid even if water does not reach them?
(b)What are the ramifications of this ruling?
16)
(a)Tevilas Beis ha'Setarim and Beis ha'Kematim is only valid however (even if water does not reach them) - if the water would have had access to them if they had been exposed (i.e. there is no Chatzitzah on those spots).
(b)Consequently - a man should teach his wife and children to be careful to wash even those areas before Tevilah.
Hadran alach 'Eretz Yisrael Tehorah'
