NEDARIM 87 - Two weeks of study material have been dedicated by Mrs. Estanne Abraham Fawer to honor the Yahrzeit of her father, Rav Mordechai ben Eliezer Zvi (Rabbi Morton Weiner) Z'L, who passed away on 18 Teves 5760. May the merit of supporting and advancing Dafyomi study -- which was so important to him -- during the weeks of his Yahrzeit serve as an Iluy for his Neshamah.

1)

DOES IT SUFFICE TO AFFIRM OR ANNUL PART? (Yerushalmi Perek 11 Halachah 6 Daf 38b)

מתני' אמרה קונם תאנים וענבים אילו שאיני טועמת קיים על התאינים כולו קיים

(a)

(Mishnah): If she said 'Konam these figs and grapes, I will not taste [them]', and he affirmed regarding figs, the entire vow is affirmed;

היפר על התאינים אינו מופר עד שיפר אף לענבים

(b)

If he annulled regarding figs, it is not annulled until he annuls even for grapes.

אמרה קונם תאינים שאיני טועמת וענבים שאיני טועמת הרי אילו שני נדרים:

(c)

If she said 'Konam figs that I will not taste, and grapes that I will not taste, these are two vows.

גמ' אית תניי תני יקימנו (ממינו ויפירנו ממינו) [צ"ל ממנו ויפירנו ממנו - קרבן העדה] אית תניי תני יקימנו כולו יפירנו כולו.

(d)

(Gemara): Some teach "Yekimenu" (it is as if it says Yakim) Mimenu (he affirms part, and it is as if he totally affirmed) v'Yeferenu Mimenu (he annuls part; we learn Hafarah from Kiyum). And some teach "Yekimenu" (this connotes) all of it, Yeferenu - all of it.

אית תניי תני יקימנו (ממינו) [צ"ל ממנו - קרבן העדה] ויפירנו כולו. ואית תניי תני יקימנו כולו ויפירנו (ממינו) [צ"ל ממנו - קרבן העדה].

(e)

Some teach "Yekimenu" (it is as if it says Yakim) Mimenu, v'Yeferenu all of it (like it connotes; we do not equate it to Kiyum). And some teach "Yekimenu" - all of it (like it connotes), Yeferenu - Mimenu (for a vow that is partially Batel is totally Batel).

מתני' כמאן דאמר יקימנו ממינו ויפירנו כולו. דתני קיים לתאינים קיים לכולו. הפר לתאינים אינו מופר עד שיפר אף לענבים.

(f)

Our Mishnah is like the opinion Yekimenu Mimenu, v'Yeferenu - all of it, for it says that if he affirmed for figs, the entire vow is affirmed. If he annulled for figs, it is not annulled until he annuls even for grapes.

אמרה קונם תאינה שאיני טועמת ועוד ענב

(g)

Implied question: If she said 'Konam figs that I will not taste, and also a grape' [what is the law]?

תפלוגתא דרבי ישמעאל ורבי עקיבה. דרבי ישמעאל אומר אחר הנדר ורבי עקיבה אומר אחר האיסר:

(h)

Answer: R. Yishmael and R. Akiva argue about this. R. Yishmael says that the law depends on [when] the Neder [takes effect - above 3:6, regarding a vow from seafarers to take effect after 30 days, and they became land dwellers during that time, and below in Halachah 9, about one who vowed to be a Nezirah after 30 days, and her marital status changed within that time. Here, her vow about a grape takes effect only after she transgresses and eats figs, so it is like two vows; he can annul one of them.] R. Akiva says, it depends on [when she said] the Isur. (She said them together, so the one who holds that partial Hafarah does not work, like our Mishnah, it does not work. We explained this like TAL TORAH.)