1)

(a)Other than walking in his domain, the only concession that the Mishnah allows Re'uven, who is Mudar only food from Shimon, as opposed to where he is Mudar Hana'ah is - lending him vessels which are not used for food.

(b)When forbidding Shimon's food on himself, Reuven declared - 'Hana'as Ma'achalcha alai Konam'.

(c)The examples the Tana gives with regard to vessels that are ...

1. ... used for food besides a funnel and a sieve - are that of a mill and an oven.

2. ... not used for food besides a shirt and a (finger) ring - are a cloak and nose-rings.

(d)The Tana omits things such as dishes and spit-rods from his former list - because we can learn them via a Kal va'Chomer (from a funnel and a sieve), seeing as they are used to actually prepare the food in them (See Tos. Yom-Tov).

2)

(a)Reuven is forbidden to lend even the latter however, in a place where it is customary to rent them out - because with the money that the Mudar gains by borrowing them, he is able to purchase food ...

(b)... because what he actually forbade on himself was any Hana'ah that leads to food (See Tos.Yom-Tov).

3)

(a)The Tana permits Shimon to pay Reuven's half-Shekel - because it is a Mitzvah (and Mitzvos are not subject to Hana'ah [See Tos. Yom-Tov]).

(b)Likewise - he permits him to pay his debt.

(c)Some commentaries confine this to a debt which the debtor is free to pay whenever he wants - because that is when the debtor does not benefit by getting the creditor off his back.

(d)Others establish it even where it must be paid by a fixed time - because, preventing the creditor from claiming is not considered a Hana'ah (See Tos. Yom-Tov).

4)

(a)The Tana also permits Shimon to return Reuven's lost article (See Tos. Yom-Tov) ...

(b)... and the same would apply if it was Reuven's property that was forbidden on Shimon ...

(c)... because, either way, he is merely performing the Mitzvah of Hashavas Aveidah (as we explained earlier).

5)

(a)The Mishnah concludes that if it is customary to pay the person who returns a lost article (See Tos. Yom-Tov), then he must give the money to Hekdesh - in a case where both Reuven and Shimon are Mudar Hana'ah from each other ...

(b)... because then, assuming that Reuven returns Shimon's lost article, if he were to accept payment (he would be benefiting from Shimon), whereas if he were to decline it, then Shimon would be benefiting from him).

(c)The Tana does not require him to throw the money into the Yam ha'Melach (as we find in other similar situations) - because since Reuven forbade Shimon's property like Hekdesh (and not just with an Isur Hana'ah), the money must go to Hekdesh.

6)

(a)The Mishnah permits Shimon to separate Reuven's T'rumos and Ma'asros - on condition that a. he does so with Reuven's approval and - b. that he does not specifically appoint him (but leaves it to whoever wants to perform the Mitzvah [See Tos. Yom-Tov]) ...

(b)... because if he were to appoint him as a Shali'ach, he would be benefiting from the mere fact that he is carrying out his Sh'lichus.

(c)When the Tana permits him to bring Reuven's Korbanos ('Kinei Zavin ve'Zavos, Kinei Yoldos, Chata'os va'Ashamos' [See Tos. Yom-Tov end of DH 'u'Makriv alav'])), - he is referring to Shimon, who is a Kohen (See Tos. Yom-Tov).

7)

(a)He also allows Shimon to teach Reuven Medrash, Halachos and Agados - but not Chumash ...

(b)... because one is permitted to receive remuneration for teaching Chumash, and since Shimon is doing it free, he is benefiting from Reuven.

(c)One is permitted to receive remuneration specifically for teaching Chumash - by virtue of the fact that Chumash generally incorporates the 'Trop' (the Leining), for which one is permitted to take payment.

8)

(a)We would have thought that Shimon would be forbidden to teach Reuven's sons and daughters (See Tos. Yom-Tov) Chumash - because he exempts the father from fulfilling the Mitzvah of learning with his children.

(b)Besides the fact that Reuven could always find somebody else to teach his children free of charge, the Mishnah permits it - due to the principle that 'Mitzvos are not subject to Hana'ah' (as we learned earlier).

(c)The Tana Kama permits Shimon to ...

1. ... sustain Reuven's wives and children (See Tos. Yom-Tov), but forbids him from ...

2. ... feeding his animals, even those that are Tamei (not Kasher ...

(d)... since Reuven benefits from the fact that his animal has become fatter ...

9)

(a)Rebbi Eliezer qualifies the Tana Kama's latter ruling - by confining the prohibition to Tahor animals (See Tos. Yom-Tov end of DH 'u'Makriv alav').

(b)When the Chachamim asked him why he drew this distinction, he replied - that whereas a Tahor animal's soul belongs to the heaven, its body belongs to the owner [he is allowed to eat it]), both the soul and the body of a Tamei animal belong to Hash-m ...

(c)... by which he meant that a Tamei animal is fit only for work, and the owner gains nothing from its fattening (See Tiferes Yisrael).

(d)The Chachamim countered that - the body of a Tamei animal too, belongs to the owner, since he can sell it to Nochrim or feed it to his dogs (in which case he benefits from the fact that the animal has been fattened).

10)

(a)The Mishnah permits Reuven who comes to visit Shimon who is sick - to stand but not to sit. It is Reuven's property that is forbidden on Shimon (See Tos. Yom-Tov) ...

(b)... and Reuven is forbidden to sit - because the Tana is speaking about a town where it is customary to receive payment for sitting with a sick person, and if he sits free of charge, he will be benefiting Shimon.

(c)He is permitted to stand however - because, since a person who stands tends to stay only for a short while, he will not demand payment (See Tos. Yom-Tov).

11)

(a)Reuven is ...

1. ... permitted to cure Shimon - because he is performing a Mitzvah (See Tos. Yom-Tov), but is ...

2. ... forbidden to cure his animals - because by doing so he benefits him (See Tos. Yom-Tov).

(b)If his animal is sick however - he is permitted to advise him which medicines to administer to it.

(c)We learn from the Pasuk in Ki Seitzei "Vahashevoso lo" - that it is a Mitzvah to return a fellow-Yisrael's body to himself (i.e. to cure him).

12)

(a)Reuven is also permitted to bathe with Shimon in a large bath, but not in a small one - because due his close proximity, he is bound to benefit him by splashing water on him.

(b)The Tana Kama permits him to sleep in the same bed. Rebbi Yehudah qualifies that ruling - by forbidding it in the winter.

(c)The Halachah is - like Rebbi Yehudah (See Tos. Yom-Tov).

13)

(a)The Mishnah permits them to sit on the same bed or to eat at the same table - but forbids them to serve themselves from the same dish ...

(b)... in case Reuven leaves a larger helping for Shimon to take, - or in case he moves the dish nearer to Shimon.

(c)Even that is permitted however, in the case of 'Tamchuy ha'Chozer' - where the serving dish is returned to the owner, who passes it personally from one guest to the other.

(d)The Tana forbids eating together from the worker's trough, in spite of its large size (See Tiferes Yisrael & Tos. Yom-Tov)

14)

(a)Rebbi Meir forbids Reuven to work with Shimon by the 'Omen' - the row of crops which they are both harvesting ...

(b)... because sometimes he finishes before Shimon and picks the crops that Shimon is supposed to have picked.

(c)The Chachamim - permit it, provided they are working at opposite ends of the row (See Tos. Yom-Tov).

(d)The Halachah is - like the Chachamim.

15)

(a)The Mishnah rules that if Reuven is Madir Shimon Hana'ah before the Sh'mitah arrives - he is forbidden, even in the Sh'mitah (See Tos. Yom-Tov) to enter his field - or to eat the fruit of his field, even if it protrudes from the field.

(b)If Reuven is Madir Shimon in the Sh'mitah-year itself however - the latter will be permitted to eat the fruit that protrudes from Reuven's field ...

(c)... since whatever grows in the field during the Sh'mitah is Hefker, and is not the property of the owner of the field to declare Asur.

(d)He is forbidden to enter his field however - since fields do not become Hefker in the Sh'mitah.

(e)Despite the fact that the Torah permits a person to enter his friend's field in the Sh'mitah in order to eat the fruit the Chachamim nevertheless forbade Reuven to do so - in case he lingers in the field even when he is not eating, thereby deriving benefit from the field be'Isur.

16)

(a)If Reuven is Noder Shimon not all Hana'ah, but Hana'ah of food, assuming he did so ...

1. ... before the Sh'mitah - then Shimon is permitted to enter his field but not to eat the fruit.

2. ... during the Sh'mitah - then he may both enter the field and eat its fruit.

17)

(a)If Reuven is Mudar Hana'ah from Shimon, he is not allowed to borrow from him household articles or money. The Mishnah also forbids him to lend him the same - in case he comes to borrow them.

(b)When the Tana forbids him to sell him or to buy from him, he means to sell or to buy - below cost price.

(c)Here too, he forbids selling him for less - in case he comes to buy for less.

18)

(a)If Shimon declines to lend Reuven his cow because it is not available, and Reuven, in his anger, declares 'Konem she'Ani Choresh bah Le'olam!', in a case where he was ...

1. ... accustomed to plow his field with Shimon's cow, the Mishnah rules that - he is now forbidden to do so, whereas others may.

2. ... not accustomed to plow his field with Shimon's cow (See Tos. Yom-Tov), the Mishnah rules that - neither he, nor anybody else, is permitted to do so.

19)

(a)If Shimon, who is Mudar Hana'ah from Reuven, has nothing to eat, and Reuven wants to help him, the Mishnah permits him to go to a storekeeper and say to him that - Shimon, who is Mudar Hana'ah from him, needs help and that he (Reuven) doesn't know what to do (See Tos. Yom-Tov).

(b)The storekeeper may then supply Shimon's needs (See Tos. Yom-Tov), and hands the bill to Reuven, who is permitted (though not obligated) to pay ...

(c)... provided Reuven does not specifically stipulate that he will pay (because then he will have made him a Shali'ach).

(d)The same will apply - even if Shimon has something to eat.

(e)If Shimon's house needs rebuilding, his fence repairing, or his crops harvesting - Reuven may perform the same ritual with the relevant workers (See Tos. Yom-Tov).

20)

(a)If Reuven Shimon and Levi are traveling together, and Shimon has nothing to eat - Reuven is allowed to give food to Levi as a gift, and Levi may then give it to Shimon (See Tos. Yom-Tov DH 'Nosein le'Acher Leshum Matanah' & 've'Halah Mutar bah').

(b)If Reuven and Shimon are on their own - the Tana Kama permits Reuven to place food on a rock or on a wall and declare it Hefker for all, thereby permitting Shimon to come and take it.

21)

(a)Rebbi Yossi disagrees with the Tana Kama in the later case ...

(b)... because - since there is nobody else there, it is as if he is giving him a Matanah (See Tos. Yom-Tov).

(c)The Halachah is - like the Tana Kama.

(d)This is only permitted if Shimon has nothing to eat and only - if there is nobody else there.