[57a - 18 lines; 57b - 26 lines]
1a)[line 2]בחילופיהןCHILUFEIHEN- items for which they were bartered
b)[line 2]ובגידוליהןGIDULEIHEN- that which grows from them
2a)[line 4]בדבר שזרעו כלהDAVAR SHE'ZAR'O KALAH- a plant whose seed totally decomposes when producing a new plant, e.g. wheat
b)[line 5]בדבר שאין זרעו כלהDAVAR SHE'EIN ZAR'O KALAH- a plant that contains a regenerative root or bulb, e.g. scallions
57b----------------------------------------57b
3)[line 8]בשביעיתSHEVI'IS
(a)The Torah requires that farmers desist from working the land every seventh year, as described in Vayikra 25:1-7. The fruits that grow during the seventh (Shevi'is) year are holy to the extent that 1. they must be considered ownerless; anyone may come into any field and pick the fruit that he intends to eat. 2. The fruits may not be bought and sold in a normal fashion (see Insights to Sukah 39:2). 3. The Torah requires that the fruits of Shevi'is be used only for eating or drinking (in the normal manner of eating for that type of fruit) or for burning to provide light (in the case of oil). They may not be wasted or used for medicinal purposes or animal fodder, etc.
(b)The Shemitah year is meant to teach the Jewish people to rely on HaSh-m for their sustenance, a fact that is not always clear to them during the six years in which they work their own fields.
4)[line 14]תריתאהTERITA'AH- (a) Rebbi Chanina's surname or city (Toratha?); (b) the raiser of oxen
5)[line 18]ילדהYALDAH- a fruit tree that is less than three years old, the fruits of which are prohibited because of Orlah (see below, entry #8)
6)[line 18]שסיבכהSIBCHAH- one grafted one of its [fruit-laden] branches
7)[line 18]בזקינהZEKEINAH- a fruit tree that is at least three years old, the fruits of which are permitted
8)[line 19]אע''פ שהוסיפה מאתים אסורAF AL PI SHE'HOSIFAH MA'ASAYIM, ASUR (ORLAH)
(a)In the first three years after a fruit tree is planted, its fruits are called Orlah and are Asurim b'Hana'ah, as it states in Vayikra 19:23.
(b)If a person eats a k'Zayis of Orlah fruit, he receives Malkos. If he derives benefit from Orlah (or any other food that is Asur b'Hana'ah), according to most Rishonim he is punished with Malkos (TOSFOS Chulin 120a DH Ela), while according to others, he is only punished with Makas Mardus, a Rabbinic institution of Malkos. (RAMBAM Hilchos Ma'achalos Asuros 8:16 - see also Mishneh l'Melech to Yesodei ha'Torah 5:8)
9)[line 23]ליטראLITRA- a measure of weight; the Litra is the Roman Libra, a pound