1)

Why did Hashem need to stop others from harming them?

1.

Rashi (Divrei ha'Yamim I, 16:21): The norm is to afflict travelers when they come to a lodging place. They make accusations against them. Hashem did not let others harm or oppress 1 [the Avos and their families]. "Le'ashkam" is like "Oh Ashak Es Amiso" (Vayikra 5:21).

2.

Malbim (15): The Avos rebuked people against idolatry and called in the name of Hashem.


1

Rashi (ibid.): Do not say that others did not harass the Avos because they did not notice them. "He rebuked kings about them" - Pharaoh oppressed Avraham, Avimelech oppressed Yitzchak, Lavan and Shechem oppressed Yakov, and Hashem told them not to! (Where did Hashem speak to Avimelech about Yitzchak, or to Shechem?! - PF)

2)

Where do we find that Hashem rebuked kings about them?

1.

Rashi: "Va'Ynaga Hashem Es Pharaoh", "Ki Atzor Atzar Hashem Be'ad Kol Rechem l'Veis Avimelech" (Bereishis 12:17, 20:18).

Sefer: Perek: Pasuk:

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