1)

What are "Tzirim va'Chavalim"?

1.

Rashi: They are expressions of birth-pangs of a woman who bends to give birth. The Tzirim (hinges) of the doors of her womb break to be opened.

2.

Malbim: Tzirim are when the fetus begins to open the doors of the womb. Chavalim are [the pains] that continue while she sits on the birthing stone.

2)

Who will hold whom?

1.

Radak: (a) Birth-pangs will seize Bnei Bavel. This is like "Chil Achaz Yoshevei Pelashes" (Shemos 15:14), "ha'Lo Chavalim Yochezuch" (Yirmeyah 13:21). (b) When birth-pangs constantly seize a person, it is as if he holds them; they do not depart from him. According to Targum Yonasan, the Nun at the end of Yochezun is a pronoun, like Yochezum (will hold them). This is correct.

3)

What is "Yechilun"?

1.

Rashi: Chil and Chalchalah are expressions of trembling.

4)

Why will they be astounded?

1.

Rashi: The army against them are different [than normal troops].

2.

Radak: The evil came suddenly; they are astounded how it occurred.

3.

Malbim: When sudden panic comes on the Rabim, their fear increases when they see that also those around them fear and melt.

5)

What are "Lehavim"?

1.

Rashi #1: Their faces are beaming and terrifying.

2.

Rashi #2: They are a nation that thinks thoughts; Bnei Bavel are compared to them due to their astonishment.

3.

Radak: This is like one who is ashamed; his face reddens.

4.

Malbim: They will not need to express their fear. It will be seen on their faces, which will resemble Lehavos (flames). Also, flames increase when one adds flammables to the fire; so each face will be scorched by [seeing the dread] in his colleague's face.

Sefer: Perek: Pasuk:

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