1)

What is the grammatical form of "Zoru"?

1.

Rashi: Zoru is Nazoru, just like "Shomu Shamayim" (Yirmeyah 2:12) and "va'Robu" (Bereishis 49:23); they are plural Nif'al conjugations.

2.

Radak: It is a simple past tense. The middle letter of the root is silent, just like "Mah Tovu Ohalecha" (Bamidbar 24:5).

2)

What do we learn from "Zoru Resha'im me'Rachem"?

1.

Rashi: From the womb they are Zarim (strangers) to Hashem, like Esav - "va'Yisrotzetzu ha'Banim b'Kirbah" (Bereishis 25:22). 1

2.

Radak: Their nature is to do strange and evil acts.

3.

Malbim: These flattering liars are worse than open Resha'im. Resha'im are strangers [to Hashem's way] from the womb, i.e. after birth. Man was not created to be a Rasha; his nature from birth leans to Tzedek, just he makes himself evil via evil friends, neighbors and teachers. These liars erred already in the womb, before birth. Their nature is evil; it is intrinsic to them.


1

Rashi (25:22): When she passed by the idolatry house, Esav tried to leave. Yuma 82b - if a pregnant woman smells food on Yom Kipur and craves it, we whisper in her ear 'today is Yom Kipur.' A case occurred in which the craving did not cease. [She was allowed to eat,] and the child born was Shabtai the hoarder (he hoarded Peros in order to raise the market price). This verse was applied to him.

3)

Why does it say "Zoru Resha'im me'Rachem" and also "Ta'u mi'Beten"?

1.

Radak: The matter is repeated in different words.

2.

Malbim: Refer to 58:4:2:3.

Sefer: Perek: Pasuk:

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