Why does the Torah add the word "ve'Chol Terumah"?
Rashbam: It comes to incorporate the T'rumas Ma'aser that the Levi separates in what is given to the Kohen.
Sifri: Refer to 5:9:3:2 and note.
Seeing as it is the Kohen who goes to the granary to receive Terumah, why does the Torah write "ve'Chol Terumah asher Yakrivu la'Kohen"?
Rashi (citing R. Yishmael 1 in the Sifri), Ramban and Seforno: The Pasuk is referring (not to Terumah Gedolah, but) to Bikurim, 2 which is also called 'Terumah', and which one brings to the Beis Hamikdash. 3
Ramban: To teach us that the owner gives the Terumah to the Kohen, and not that the Kohen can take it by force.
According to the Ramban, R. Yishmael asks that the Pasuk cannot be discussing Terumah, since "Yakrivu" is used exclusively for something that is brought on the Mizbe'ach. See Ramban, DH 've'Od Shanu', who elaborates.
Which traditionally, the current Pasuk is dicussing (Seforno). See also Ba'al ha'Turim.
Rashi: As the Torah writes in Mishpatim, Sh'mos 23:19. And the Torah teaches here us that (like Gezel ha'Ger) one gives it to the Kohen.
What is this Pasuk coming to teach us?
Rashi, Ramban #1 and Seforno: It teaches us that, as opposed to Terumah, 1 Bikurim 2 must be brought to the Beis-Hamikdash 3 and given to the Kohanim of the Mishmar that is currently serving in the Beis-Hamikdash. 4
Ramban #2: Based on the fact that the Torah does not give a Shi'ur for Terumah, 5 it teaches us that whatever the owner designates for the Kohen is Terumah, even the entire crop, provided he leaves over a small amount as Chulin.
Ramban #4 and Moshav Zekeinim (citing the Sifri): The Torah does not give a Shi'ur for Terumah. Our Pasuk teaches us that a. <i>Whatever one designates as Terumah takes effect; b. He must give it to the Kohen (and the Kohen may not take it by force), and c. he must leave some over (He cannot designate the entire granary as Terumah).
Moshav Zekeinim #1: The current Pasuk uses an expression of Hakravah to teach us that one must give to the Kohen from hand to hand, and that one is accredited as if he had offered them on the Mizbe'ach. 6
Seforno: Just as a share-cropper tends to bring the first-fruit to the owner, so too, does the owner bring the first-fruits to the Owner of the land - Hashem, who hands them to the Kohanim of that Mishmar, just as He does with Gezel ha'Ger. Refer to 5:8:2:1.
Ramban: Because until now, the Torah only gave hints as to what to do with it - See, for example, Mishpatim Sh'mos, 22:28 and Emor Vayikra, 22:11.
And not to the Kohen of his choice, as is the case with Terumah.
See Torah Temimah, citing the Sifri, which learns it from the word "ve'Chol Terumah" and note 35.
Moshav Zekeinim: The Gemara states in Kesuvos 105b that someone who gives a gift to a Chacham is like one who offered Bikurim - as implied by the word "be'Artzam".
QUESTIONS ON RASHI
Rashi writes that the Pasuki teaches that one gives Bikurim to a Kohen. But we know this from Korach Bamidbar 18:13 "Bikurei Kol asher be'Artzam ... l'cha Yih'yeh"?
Ramban: The Pasuk in Korach repeats Bikurim a. as part of Matnos Kehunah, 1 which the Torah clinches with a covenant of salt, and b. to teach us there that whoever is Tahor in the Kohen's house may eat it - and it mentions it here to teach us that it must be given to the Kohanim of that Mishmar. 2
Moshav Zekeinim #1: The current Pasuk uses an expression of Hakravah to teach us that one must give to the Kohen from hand to hand, and that one is is credited as if he has offered them on the Mizbe'ach. 3
Moshav Zekeinim #2: The Pasuk in Korach comes to teach us that, as opposed to Terumah, Bikurim applies when the fruit is still attached to the tree.
Moshav Zekeinim #3 (citing his uncle): The Pasuk in Korach comes to teach us that Bikurim belongs to the Kohen - in which case he may be use it to betroth a woman. 4
Moshav Zekeinim #3: The current Pasuk is discussing primarily Terumah. Refer to 5:9:3:1,2 & 4.
Ramban: Just as it repeats Terumah and Kodshim.
Refer to 5:9:3:1****.
Moshav Zekeinim: The Gemara states in Kesuvos 105b that someone who gives a gift to a Chacham is like one who offered Bikurim - as implied by the word "be'Artzam".
Moshav Zekeinim: 'I disagree - because we know this already from the fact that it is called Terumah. See Yevamos 73a.
