Why does it say "Zaku Nezireha mi'Sheleg"?
Rav Sadya Gaon: Its chosen ones were clearer (from impurities) than snow.
Rashi #1: Nezireha are its officers. This is like Nezer and a Keser (crown)/
Rashi #2: Nezireha are Nezirim who grew their hair long. They were exceedingly beautiful.
Ri Kara: Their hairs were whiter than snow. Nezireha is hairs, like "Gazi Nizrech" (Yirmeyah 7:29). Also "Tzachu" refers to whiteness - "Dodi Tzach v'Adom" (Shir ha'Shirim 5:10).
Palgei Mayim: They were great Tzadikim who separated from all worldly desires to the point that they were clearer than snow.
Why does it add "Tzachu me'Chalav"?
Ibn Ezra, Ri Kara: The matter is repeated [in different words].
Palgei Mayim: This refers to Ba'alei Teshuvah. The metaphor "whiter than milk" is used, for milk was [red] blood, and it turned [ins the mother to] white [milk].
What are "Peninim"?
Rav Sadya Gaon: They are gems.
Ri Kara: It is gold. It is called Peninim, for people hide it bi'Fnim (inside).
Rid: They are red pearls.
What is the meaning of "Admu Etzem mi'Peninim"?
Rashi: Their appearance was redder than Peninim. Etzem is appearance, like "uch'Etzem ha'Shamayim la'Tohar" (Shemos 24:10).
Palgei Mayim: This refers to judges who judge Resha'im. Red is a Mashal, for judgment.
What is the meaning of "Sapir Gizrasam"?
Rav Sadya Gaon: Their joints were brighter than sapphire. This is a Mashal and exaggeration.
Rashi: Their form was like sapphire.
Ibn Ezra: This is like "Admu Etzem mi'Peninim." The prefix Mem in mi'Peninim applies also to Sapir, just like the Mem in "me'Kel Avicha" (Bereishis 49:25, applies also to "v'Es Shakai". Sapir is red;) "Livnas ha'Sapir" (Shemos 24:10, is not white, rather,) like Levenah (a brick), for it says "k'Ma'ase [Livnas ha'Sapir]."
Ri Kara: Their faces were radiant like sapphire.
Rid: The preciseness of their stature was like that of sapphire.
Palgei Mayim: This refers to people who are Moser Nefesh for Kedushas Hashem. This is like Chazal said, that all blows do not break sapphire; it is put in an iron anvil. In spite of all these Tzadikim, "Lo Chamalta" (2:21).