1)

What is the translation of "Shicheis Lo Lo"?

1.

Rashi (citing Targum Onkelos): 'They corrupted themselves, and not Him'. 1

2.

Rashi in the original manuscript: "Shicheis lo" - They corrupted themselves - by indulging in Avodah Zarah, Giluy Arayos and Shefichus Damim. 2

3.

Ramban: Refer to 32:5:2:3.

4.

Rashbam: 'They corrupted themselves, and not anyone else. His children blemished only themselves'. 3

5.

Targum Yonasan: 'They corrupted their good deeds'.

6.

Hadar Zekenim and Rosh (both citing R. Moshe of Pontaiza): [Together with "Banav Mumam"], it means that they sinned against Him, and due to this, He does not call them His children. 4


1

Da'as Zekenim, Hadar Zekenim and Rosh: As the Navi writes in Yirmiyah 7:19 "ha'Osi Heim Mach'isim

2)

What is the meaning of "Banav Mumam"?

1.

Rashi #1: It means 'They were His children, but their corrupt deeds caused them to become blemished'

2.

Rashi #2 (in the original manuscript): "Lo Banav Mumam" - their blemish lies in the fact that they adopted the title of 'His non-children'.

3.

Ramban: It means 'Shicheis Lo Mumam es Lo Banav" - 'The corruptness 1 of His non-children 2 blemished them 3 before Him'.

4.

Seforno: It means 'A crooked and twisted generation', they are not his innocent children; Because their blemish - by the Golden Calf, corrupted Hashem's intentions'. 4

5.

Targum Yonasan: 'His beloved children were found to be blemished'.

6.

Refer to 32:5:1:5.


1

Ramban: The Pasuk calls a blemish 'Hashchasah' - as in Vayikra, 22:25 and in Mal'achi, 1:14.

2

Ramban: As the Navi writes in Hoshe'a, 2:25. This is also how Rashi translated "Lo Banav" in his initial manuscript.

3

Ramban: It cannot have emanated from Hashem, because He is perfect (faultless) - as the previous Pasuk stated.

4

Seforno: As the Torah wrote in Sh'mos, 32:7 "Ki Shicheis Amcha" - where His intention was to make you a Mamleches Kohanim, to create a universal Kidush Hashem - See Seforno - but they ruined that by serving Avodah Zarah.

3)

What is the difference between "Ikeish" and "Pesaltol"?

1.

Rashi: "Ikeish" means 'bent; and "Pesaltol", 'twisted'. 1


1

Rashi: Like the thread (of Tzitzis) that one winds around the other threads.

QUESTIONS ON RASHI

4)

Rashi writes that "Ikeish u'Fesaltol" means 'bent and twisted'. How does this apply to people?

1.

Ramban: Bent is the opposite of "Yashar" (straight), and twisted is the opposite of Tzadik. 1

2.

Targum Yonasan: A crooked generation - who changed their behavior, and a twisted one - on whom the order of the world was changed. 2


1

Ramban: Which is why the Torah calls them "Lo Banav" (Refer to 32:5:2:2.)

2

Midah Keneged Midah - See Na'ar Yonasan.

Sefer: Perek: Pasuk:

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