What is "Ki Yadin Hashem es Amo ... " referring to?
Rashi #1 (According to R. Yehudah): 'When Hashem will judge His people with Yisurim. 1 - as mentioned in the previous Pesukim.
Rashi #2 (according to R. Nechemyah) and Rashbam: 'When Hashem will take the part of His people'.
Rashi #3, Da'as Zekenim and Hadar Zekenim (both in Pasuk 35): 'When He will judge His people and take revenge from their enemies (and bring the Ge'ulah - Rashi in Sanhedrin, 97a).
Targum Yonasan: 'When Hashem will judge His people with mercy'.
Rashi: As in Iyov, 36:31.
What is the meaning of "ve'al Avadav Yisnecham"?
Rashi: 'And He will have a change of heart concerning His servants - to have compassion on them'. 1
Seforno: 'He will have a change of heart concerning the punishment that His people deserve and have compassion on them, due to His servants who are among them. 2
Targum Onkelos: 'He will avenge the Tzadikim'.
Rashi: The word 'Yisnecham' always has connotations of a change of heart - sometimes for good, and sometimes for bad.
Seforno: As the Navi writes in Yeshayah, 65:8.
What is the meaning of "Ki Yir'eh ki Azlas Yad"?
Rashi: 'When He sees that the hand of the enemy is gaining strength'. 1
Rashbam: 'When the hand (of Yisrael) becomes weak'.
Targum Onkelos: 'When He sees that the smiting of the enemy is overpowering them'.
Targum Yonasan: 'Because it is revealed before Him that, when they will sin, the smiting of the enemy will overpower them, they will have no assistance and there will no longer be among them people of integrity and of good deeds'.
Sanhedrin, 97a: It teaches that the Ge'ulah will only come 2 either when there is an influx of informers; 3 or. when there is a decrease in Talmidei-Chachamim; 4 or when there is not a P'rutah left in the purse; or when they have given-up on it coming 5
Oznayim la'Torah: Refer to 32:35:5:4 and note #2. Mashi'ach will only finally come when Hashem sees that Yisrael's strength is waning and "Efes Atzur ve'Azuv" - they own no property or sheep and cattle (Ralbag).
What is the meaning of "ve'Efes Atzur ve'Azuv"?
Rashi: It means 'There will be no leader 1 to rescue them, and no-one to help them to stand firm and not flee. 2
Seforno: It means that there will be no money left in the house and nothing remains in the field'.
Targum Onkelos and Targum Yonasan: It means 'and they will be removed from their land and abandoned'.
Da'as Zekenim, Hadar Zekenim and Rosh #1: It means that they have no strength, and no one to help them. 3
Rosh #2: "Atzur"
Rashi in Sanhedrin, 97a: "Atzur" is a LAshon of ruler, as in Sh'muel 1, 9:17.
Rashi: As in Nechemyah, 3:8 and in Yirmiyah, 48:25.
Hadar Zekenim: "Atzur" is like "Lo Atzarti Ko'ach" (Daniel 10:8). Da'as Zekenim and Rosh - "Azuv" is like "Azov Ta'azov Imo" (Mishpatim, Sh'mos 23:5).
As in Vayigash Bereishis, 47:15 "Im Afeis Kasef".
