What do we learn from "Yichyu Mesecha"?
Kesuvos 111a: This refers to those who die in Eretz Yisrael. "The Mesim of My nation will rise" are those who die in Chutz la'Aretz.
Sanhedrin 90b: This is a source for Techiyas ha'Mesim 1 .
Rashi: This is a Tefilah to revive those who were killed for You. Refer to 26:19:2:1.
Radak: Hashem will revive the dead at the time of the salvation.- "Rabim mi'Yshenei Admas Afar Yakitzu" (Daniel 12:2). Mesecha are Tzadikim who are for You (Kel). Techiyas ha'Mesim is only for them, like Chazal said (Ta'anis 7a), and it says "v'Rabim 2
90b: Heretics rejected this. Perhaps it refers to the dead that Yechezkeil revived (but there will not be Techiyas ha'Mesim in the future).
Perhaps we infer that many will rise, but not everyone. Alternatively, the verse ends "Elu l'Chayei Olam v'Eleh la'Charafos l'Dir'on Olam"; rising for eternal shame is not called revival. (PF)
Why does it say "Nevelasi Yekumun"?
Rashi: Issue a royal edict 'the dead bodies of Ami, who made themselves Neveilos for me, they will rise' - the opposite of "Refa'im Bal Yakumu" (14).
Radak: It is as if it says Im Nevelasi or k'Nevelasi; 'Im' or the prefix Kaf is omitted. Yeshayah knew that he is a Tzadik, and he will be revived; he teaches that Tzadikim will be revived with (or like) him.
Malbim: Not only the Neshamos will live; also the body will rise.
Who says "Hakitzu v'Ranenu"?
Rashi: This is part of Hashem's command.
Radak #1: Everyone says to his colleague.
Radak #2: A voice from Shamayim says so.
What do we learn from "Tal Oros Talecha"?
Refer to 26:14:1:1.
Yerushalmi (Brachos 5:2): The dead are revived only via dew.
Rashi: It is nice for You to do so, that the Tal of Your Torah and Mitzvos will be for them dew of light.
Radak: Oros are vegetables, like "Lilkot Oros" (Melachim II, 4:39). Dew that is proper for vegetables is Your dew. I.e. just like dew gives life to vegetables and makes them sprout, so Your dew revives the dead.
Malbim: The dew from your good deeds is like dew that comes on vegetables that grow in one day, e.g. mushrooms, which sprout very quickly. So the bodies will go out via the dew of Techiyas ha'Mesim Just like dew comes from vapors that the vegetation gives off, and it comes on the vegetation and revives it, so Techiyas ha'Mesim is via good deeds. This dew will fall on the land of Refa'im and the dead, where the graves are, to revive them. All these words are of the Ru'ach born. The verse depicts that amidst their great afflictions, a new Ru'ach is born, or hope and Emunah. Even though they see that in this world their bones dried, as if there is no life in them, Ru'ach Nevu'ah will arouse their hearts to trust in a future world, and not to despair - "Hineni Pose'ach Es Kivroseichem" (Yechezkel 37:12).
Why does it say "v'Eretz Refa'im Tapil"?
Rashi: Because it said "u'Val Yiplu Yoshevei Sevel" (18), it returns to say that You will fell them. Our virtue does not suffice to make them fall.
Radak #1: The land will cast the dead from it outside. Tapil is like a woman who miscarries; Eretz is like veha'Aretz; the Hei is omitted.
Radak #2: Tapil is second person; it addresses Hashem. Revive Your dead, but Resha'im, i.e. Refa'im, You will cast to the ground, and you will not revive them 1 .
We explain like Kli Paz; it seems that his text of Radak said 'Od Lo Techayeh Osam.' (PF)
