What is the word "Ach" coming to preclude?
Rashi and Ramban #1: It precludes someone who does not do Teshuvah from obtaining a Kaparah. 1
Ramban #2 and Moshav Zekenim: It does not preclude anything, but comes to substantiate the statement, as if it had written 'Achein' - in truth. 2
Hadar Zekenim: The other Yamim Tovim are called 'Mikra'ei Kodesh' with regard to eating, drinking and deriving pleasure from them. These are forbidden on Yom Kipur, and it is called 'Mikra Kodesh' only with regard to offering a Korban, and the prohibition of Melachah. Also refer to 23:35:1:1.
Ibn Ezra: Since it is a Mikra Kodesh, it is a day of Simchah 3 , like we find "L'chu Ichlu Mashmanim? ki Kadosh ha'Yom? ve'Al Te'atzvu" (Nechemyah 8:10). 4
Oznayim la'Torah: It precludes the first of the month ( Rosh Hashanah), which we might otherwise have thought is a day of atonement - and the tenth the day of judgment. 5
Rashi: Every 'Ach' and "Rak" in the Torah comes to preclude something. See Ramban, who elaborates.
Ramban: As in Sh'mos, 2:14 and in Tehilim, 82:7.
It is not clear however, how we learn this from the word "Ach"?
Even though the Pasuk in Nechemyah is discussing Rosh Hashanah, it demonstrates that we should not be sad on a Kadosh day. (PF).
See Oznayim la'Torah.
What are the ramifications of "Mikra Kodesh?
Rashi (on Pasuk 35): It means with nice clothes and with Tefilah. 1
See Sifsei Chachamim there.
What does "Ve'inisem es Nafsoseichem" incorporate?
Targum Yonasan: It incorporates a prohibition against eating, drinking, washing (bathing), anointing oneself, wearing shoes and intimacy. 1
We rule however that only the first two are min ha'Torah. The other four are only mi'd'Rabanan. See also Ba'al ha'Turim.
Why does the Torah insert the otherwise superfluous) word "la'Chodesh ha'Shevi'i ha'Zeh"?
, Onayim la'Torah: To teach us that Ym Kpur is connected to Rosh Hashanah, inasmuch as they both work in conjunction with one another to cleanse Yisrael of their sins before their Father in Heaven. 1
And the days in between are a form of Chol ha'Mo'ed. See znatim la'Torah.
Which fire-offerings is the Pasuk referring to?
Rashbam: It is referring to the the Korbanos in 16:3 & 5, and in Bamidbar 29:1- 6.
Why does the Torah place "Vehikravtem Isheh la'Hashem" after Ve'inisem es Nafshoseichem" and not after "Chol Melachah Lo Sa'asu" (See Oznaym la'Torah)?
Oznayim la'Torah: This hints at the fact that, when the Beis-Hamikdash is not standing, the Inuy Nefesh on Yom Kipur takes the place of Korbanos. 1
See Oznayim la'Torah, DH 'Ve'inisem es Nafshioseichem" #2..
Why do we fast on Yom Kipur and not on Rosh Hashanah?
Oznayim la'Torah: Because on Rosh Hashanah, we work to straighten our Hashakafos (thoughts of idolatry and heresy) by accepting Hashem as our King - which does not require fasting; whereas on Yom Kipur we repent on our sins - which does. 1 .
See Oznayim la'Torah, who elaborates.
Why is Yom Kipur on the tenth of the month?
Moshav Zekenim, citing R. Eliezer of Garmaiza: This recalls the merit of Avraham, who was tested with ten tests, and circumcised himself on the tenth, and Yitzchak's merit, that [his Akeidah] was Avraham's tenth test, and Yakov's merit - he was blessed with "Veyiten L'cha" (Bereishis 27:28; there are ten words in the Pasuk 1 ), and who said "Aser A'asrenu lach" (Bereishis 29:22).
Oznayim la'Torah (citing Tana de'Bei Eliyahu Zuta and Pirkei de'R. Eliezer): Because on the tenth of Tishri, Moshe came down the Mountain with the Luchos and Hashem forgave them for the ein of the Eigel ha'Zahav. 2
Why do we consider only the first Pasuk? He was blessed in other Pasuks with other numbers of words (27:29, 28:3,4, 13-15)?! Even if he holds like Yalkut Reuveni (Vayeira) that the Akeidah was on Yom Kipur, he did not mention this, for presumably, Hashem chose to make the Akeidah on the day that He would make Yom Kipur. (PF).
See Oznayim la'Torah DH 'be'Asor la'Chodesh ha'Shevi'i'.
Why does the Torah not mention Korban regarding Yom Kipur?
Moshav Zekenim, citing R. Eliezer of Garmaiza: One's Cheilev and blood that are diminished through the fast is considered by Hashem like bringing all the Korbanos - "Zivchei Elokim Ru'ach Nishbarah" (Tehilim 51:19), and is even dearer, for Korbanos are [offered] via one's money, and the fast is via his body. 1
I did not understand the question. The Torah mentions here "Vehikravtem Isheh la'Shem", just like on the other Yamim Tovim, and also in Parshas Musafim (Bamidbar 29:8)! (PF)
