How will we reconcile "Ki Sifga" here with the Pasuk "Ki Sir'eh" in Pasuk 5?
Bava Metzi'a, 33a: The distance which incorporates 'seeing' with 'meeting' is a Ris (which is synonymous with a seven and a halfth of a Mil). 1
Oznayim la'Torah: This Pasuk, where both the animal and the finder are walking towards each other, writes "Ki Sifga"; whereas Pasuk 5. which is speaking where the animal is crouching beneath its load, writes "Ki Sir'eh" - since Pegi'ah is not appropriate.
Which is equivalent to a hundred and sixty-six Amos amd four Tefachim. See Torah Temimah, note 28, who elaborates.
What is the significance of "Shor"? What if one comes across any other animal or bird that is lost?
Bava Kama, 54b: The Torah in Ki Seitzei, Devarim, 22:3 writes "ve'Chein Ta'aseh le'Chol Aveidas Achicha", to include all types of Beheimah, Chayah and Of in the Mitzvah of Hashavas Aveidah, and it only writes "Shor" here because it is common.
Why does the Torah refer specifically to a person whom one hates?
Rashi (in Beraisa de'R. Yishmael): The Torah mentions the donkey of someone one hates, 1 Kal va'Chomer, the donkey of a friend.
Rashbam: It is presumably the donkey of someone whom one hates that one must set aside one's hatred, though the obligation applies equally to the donkey of one's friend as well. 2
Whose hatred one is obligated to set aside (Targum Yonasan on Pasuk 5).
Which the Torah mentions in Devarim 22:1 to teach us that returning an article is a Mitzvah per se, and is not confined to overcoming one's Yeitzer ha'Ra (Torah Temimah in Ki Seitzei)
Why does the Torah mention 'Hashavas Aveidah' in four locations: 1. - in 22:8; 2. - here; 3. - in Vayikra, 5:22; 4. - in Ki Seitzei Devarim, 22:1?
Oznayim la'Torah: It mentions the basic obligation to return the Aveidah and related topics in 1. & 3; The duty to overcome one's Yeitzer ha'Ra here, and one's obligation to take the object home and announce it in 4.
Why does the Torah mention specifically "Shor ... O Chamoro"?
Bava Kama, 54b: In Ki Seitzi, Devarim, 22:3 the Torah insets "ve'Chein Ta'aseh le'Chol Aveidas Achicha" to incorporate any article that one finds, and the Torah mentions "Shor" here because it is common, and the word "O Chamoro" teaches us that the obligation to return it applies even to one of them. 1
See Torah Temimah, note 30. For more details, refer to Devarim, 22:1:1:1 & 2.
What is the difference between "an enemy" (in this Pasuk) and someone whom one hates (in the next)?
Ba'al ha'Turim: "An enemy" refers to a Nochri, "a hater", to one's fellow Jew. 1
Targum Onkelos and Targum Yonasan: They are one and the same - someone whom one considers one's enemy and whom one is permitted to hate because he saw him sinning.
See Ba'al ha'Turim, and see Torah Temimah, note 36 for more details.
What are the implications of the word "To'eh"?
Mechilta: It implies that the animal is outside the T'chum 1 (to `preclude where one finds it grazing by the roadside). 2
Mechilta: As hinted in Vayeishev, Bereishis, 37:15. See Torah Temimah, note 32.
See Torah Temimah, who equates the Mechilta with the Gemara in Bava Metzi'a, 30b.
Why does the Torah use the double Lashon "Hashev Teshivenu lo"?
Mechilta: To include a. where the animal is far away, b. where the finder does not know who the owner is and c. even if it is wounded. 1
Torah Temimah: The Mechilta relies on the details of the three Ribuyim (inclusions), which it will deal with in Ki Seitzei, Devarim, 22:1..
