1)

What does the Pasuk mean when it writes, "va'Yakom Sedeh Efron..."?

1.

Rashi #1: The field of Efron now entered the domain of Avraham.

2.

Rashi #1: The field rose in esteem, from the domain of a Hedyot to that of a king. 1

3.

Malbim: Together with the next verse "l'Avraham l'Miknah," it means that Efron gave a document, and it became a total Kinyan through Kesef and a document. 2


1

Otherwise, why mention "Efron" here at all?

2

Kidushin 26a says that normally, the buyer resolves only when he gets a document, and the seller resolves only when he gets the money. (PF)

2)

Why does it repeat the words "va'Yakom ha'Sadeh" below (23:20)?

1.

Rashbam (to 23:18): Although Avraham acquired the property with a Kinyan Kesef, he did not acquire the rights to use it as a burial plot until he had buried Sarah there.

2.

Riva: He purchased the property from Efron, and the rights to make it a burial plot from the mayor.

3.

Ohr ha'Chayim (to 23:19): The field left Efron's domain when he received the money, but Avraham acquired it only through burying Sarah.

4.

Malbim (to 23:20): Afterwards, all Bnei Ches agreed to change their enactment in honor of Avraham, who became a resident, and let him designate the cave for a cemetery.

3)

Why does the Torah add, "v'Chol ha'Etz... b'Chol Gevulo Saviv"?

1.

Bava Basra 69b: To teach us that when one acquires a field, the borders (including the trees that are planted on it) 1 are included in the sale.

2.

Malbim: The Torah mentions the borders that were specified in the document.


1

See Torah Temimah (note 13) who, citing Rishonim, clarifies this Halachah. Ha'amek Davar: Avraham specified that he purchased "from the depth to the sky," in which case the cave and the trees were included.

QUESTIONS ON RASHI

4)

Rashi writes: "The field of Efron arose (va'Yakom) - It rose up in stature, from the hand of a commoner, to that of a king. But, in its simple explanation...." Why does Rashi present a homiletic explanation?

1.

Gur Aryeh: The next verse tells us that Avraham acquired the field (23:18). If this verse also expresses acquisition, the two verses should have been combined into one.

5)

Rashi writes: " But in its simple explanation, the field... was established as an acquisition of Avraham (23: 17-18)." If so, why is it separated into two verses?

1.

Gur Aryeh: This is what hints to the Midrashic interpretation (that the field rose in stature). Refer to 23:17:1.1:1. (Thus, both explanations are true.)

Sefer: Perek: Pasuk:

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