What is the significance of the phrase "ve'Anshei Kodesh Tih'yun Li"?
Rashi: It goes together with the rest of the Pasuk - If you will be holy by desisting from eating the abominable Neveilos and T'reifos, then you will belong to Me, but not if you won't!'
Ramban: The Mitzvos concerning forbidden food, as opposed to the Mitzvos that the Torah dealt with until now (which counter wicked behavior), are meant to instill a purity of Soul; 1 hence the Torah commands us to be holy, 2 in order to cleave to Hashem, who is holy.
Rashbam: It is a command against eating a T'reifah (that has been mauled by a wild animal) 3 , thereby rendering it Tamei. 4
Seforno: With reference to the previous Pesukim, the Torah is saying that when one designates one's firstborn for Hashem, they will go on to teach the people Torah and they will be holy.
Targum Yonasan: It is an injunction to eat one's Chulin be'Taharah.
Oznayim la'Torah: It implies that one should not desist from eating a T'reifah (that has been torn by a Chayah) because it is unhealthy, but because eating it interferes with being holy. 5
Mechilta: 'When Hashem presents new Mitzvos to Yisrael, it increases their Kedushah'. 6
As there is nothing intrinsically wicked about eating forbidden food.
Since forbidden foods create a coarseness that renders a person impure, which is the antithesis of holiness. See also Vayikra 11:23-24 (Ramban).
Incorporating the flesh of a live animal (See Targum Yonasan and Peirush Yonasan).
Not in the literal sense, since a T'reifah animal is not Metamei in the way that a Neveilah is. As a matter of fact, the Torah uses the same expression with regard to Neveilah (See Devarim 14:21 [Rashbam]) and with regard to Sheratzim (in Vayikra 11:23-24) though there the Torah adds "Al Teshaktzu es Nafshoseichem" (Ramban).
Refer to 22:30:1:2**. Refer to Vayikra, 20:26:1:2 and note. See also Oznayim la'Torah, who elaborates -
See also Torah Temimah, note 228.
What does "u'Basar ba'Sadeh T'reifah" incorporate
Chulin, 68a: It incorporates the limb of a fetus of an animal that is having a difficult birth, which it sticks out and withdraws - which falls under the catagory of "Basar ba'Sadeh T'reifah" (sheyatz'ah Chutz li'Mechitzaso'). 1 and is Asur, even though the rest of the fetus is permitted.
Why does the Torah insert the (otherwise superfluous) word "u'Basar ba'Sadeh T'reifah"?
Rashi: "ba'Sadeh" is La'av Davka, 1 and the Torah only mentions it because that is where the wild animals normally prey on the Beheimos. 2
Zevachim, 82b: To teach us that, if Basar Kodshim leaves the Azarah, it becomes Pasul because it left its border - and by the same token, if an animal has trouble giving birth, and the baby sticks out a leg and withdraws it, 3 even though the baby is permitted, the leg is forbidden - Chulin, 68a.
Chulin, 102b: It teaches us that Basar min ha'Chai, as well as Basar min ha'T'reifah, is subject to Malkos. 4
In fact, Onkelos does not translate it (Rashi). And we know that it is La'av Davka, because elsewhere - See or example, Acharei-Mos Vayikra, 17:15, it is compared to Neveilah, whose location is irrelevant (Mechilta).
Similarly, we find in Ki seitzei Devarim 22:26, and 23:11 (Rashi).
Even though Ma'aser Sheini and Bikurim that left Yerushalayim are Kasher if they are returned, Basar that left its border and is returned is not - Chulin, 73b. See also Torah Temimah, note 230.
See Torah Temimah, note 240.
From where do we know that an animal that becomes a T'reifah in the house is forbidden?
Rashi: Refer to 22:30:2:1.
Mechilta: We learn it from the comparison of T'reifah to Neveilah (by which the Torah does not differentiate) in Vayikra, 22:8, by which the Torah does not differentiate.
May one give or sell a T'reifah to a Nochri?
Rashi: One may ive or sell a T'reifah to a Nochri - Kal va'Chomer from Neveilah, by which the Torah writes in Devarim (24:21) "O Machor le'Nochri." 1
See Sifsei Chachamim.
Why does the Torah give precedence to a dog over a Nochri?
Rashi (citing the Mechilta): As a reward to the dogs 1 for not barking in Egypt, 2 when Hashem appeared with His angels (including the Angel of Death) to kill the firstborn, 3 we show our gratitude to the dog, by giving T'reifah to the T'reifah free of charge rather than selling it to a Nochri.
Hadar Zekenim and Da'as Zekenim: Because, since dogs guard the flocks from predative wolves (and were Moser Nefesh to save the sheep before it became a T'reifah - Da'as Zekenim) they merit to receive the Tereifos.
Oznayim la'Torah (citing the Ra'avya): The dog deserves to be thrown the T'reifah, since it helps the owner fend off attackers from stealing the sheep. 4
'because Hashem does not withhold the reward of any creature' (Rashi citing the Mechilta). See Torah Temimah, citing the Yerushalmi T'rumos, 8:3, and note 244.
As the Torah records in Sh'mos 11:7.
As the Mechilta comments in Bo on Sh'mos 11:7.
Oznayim la'Torah, citing the Zohar attributes the fact that the K'laf for Sefarim Tefilin and Mezuzos is tanned in dog-faeces to their not barking in Egypt. See also Oznayim la'YTorah, who also explains why the digs bark when Eliyahu comes to town.
What if one wants to give or sell a T'reifah to a Nochri?
Rashi (in Pesachim, 22a).The Torah demands that one shows one's gratitude to the dog, by giving it the T'reifah free of charge, before selling it to a Nochri
What is the word "la'Kelev Tashlichun Oso" coming to prelude?
Pesachim, 22a (citing R. Yehudah): It comes to preclude all other Isurin 1 - in connection with which the Torah writes 'Achilah' such as Pesach and Shor ha'Niskal, which are Asur be'Hana'ah (Torah Temimah). 2
Pesachim, 22a (citing R. Meir): It comes to preclude Chulin that were Shechted in the Azarah. 3
The Gemara in Pesachim 22a learns from here that one may not benefit from Chulin that were Shechted in the Azarah. How is this implied?
Kol Eliyahu: Since the Pasuk also teaches us the obligation to cast to the dogs [Kodesh] meat that left the Azarah, we can extrapolae that, in the reverse case, Chulin that was Shechted in the Azarah, may not be cast to the dogs - since it is Asur be'Hana'ah.
Refer to 22:30:4:2 and note.
