1)

Why does the Torah insert the words "Mishpat ha'Kohanim"

1.

Targum Onkelos and Targum Yonasan: 'This is the portion that is befitting for the Kohanim to receive' (because they earned it due to the deed of Pinchas).

2.

Chulin, 130b: To teach us that the Matanos fall uunder the category of Din, and that consequently, if someone steals the Matanos from a Kohen, the Kohen can take the Ganav to Beis-Din. 1


1

See Torah Temimah, note 6

2)

What is the word "ve'Zeh Yih'yeh Mishpat ha'Kohanim" coming to preclude?

1.

Chulin, 130b: It implies as long as the Matanos are intact, to exempt someone who damages or eats them from having to pay. 1

2.

Chulin, 130b: With reference to 18:3:0.1:2, it precludes Chazeh ve'Shok from the Din of "Mishpat" - in which case the Kohanim cannot claim them in Beis-Din. 2


1

Before they have been given to the Kohen. See Torah Temimah, note 5.

2

Refer to 18:3:0.2:1.

3)

What is "me'eis ha'Am" coming to preclude?

1.

Rashi: It precludes the animals of the Kohanim from the Din of Matanos. 1


1

Refer to 18:3:2:2.

4)

What are the implications of "me'Eis Zovchei ha'Zevach"?

1.

Ramban: It implies that this Mitzvah would only take effect upon their entry into Eretz Yisrael and they are allowed to Shecht Chulin, 1 because as long as they were in the desert, they were only permitted to Shecht Kodshim, which were not subject to these Matanos.

2.

Chulin 136a: It implies that the Kohen claims the Matanos directly from the Shochet 2 even if he is a Kohen, 3 and not from the owner.

3.

Sifri #1: It precludes an animal that is a T'reifah from the Din of Matanos. 4

4.

Sifri #2; It precludes a Ger who has a Shechted animal from the time he was still a Nochri from Matanos. 5

5.

Da'as Zekenim and Rosh: It refers to Chulin, since Kodshim are not subject to Zero'a, Lechayayim ve'Keivah.

6.

Chulin 136a: "Zovchei (plural) ha'Zevach": Includes an animal of partners in the Din of Zero'a, Lechayayim ve'Keivah. 6


1

Ramban: As the Torah stated in 12:21.

2

See Torah Temimah, note 8.

3

Refer to 18:3:1:1.

4

See Torah Temimah, note 10. Refer also to 18:4:5:5.

5

See Torah Temimah, note 11.

6

See Torah Temimah, note 9.

5)

Why does the Torah need to specify "Im Shor Im Seh"?

1.

Rashi #1: To preclude a Chayah from the Din of Matanos.

2.

Rashi (in Chulin, 135a): To teach us that, as opposed to Reishuis ha'Gez, which is confined to a sheep, it applies to both sheep (goats) and cattle. 1

3.

Chulin, 132b: "Im Shor" includes Kil'ayim (whose one parent is a goat, the other, a sheep) and "Im Seh", a Koy (which is neither a Beheimah nor a Chayah). 2

4.

Chulin, 132a: To teach us that even an animal that is a partial lamb - if its mother is a lamb and its father, a deer, it is subject to half the Matanos. 3


1

See Torah Temimah, note 13.

2

See Torah Temimah, note 12.

3

See Torah Temimah, note 14.

6)

What are the implications of "Ve'nasan la'Kohen"?

1.

Chulin, 33b: It implies that the owner must give it to the Kohen, but the Kohen is not permitted to take it. 1

2.

Sifri: It implies that the owner must give it to the Kohen himself - (meaning that the Kohen must eat it, and not give it to his animal to eat - Torah Temimah). 2


1

See Torah Temimah, nmote 15.

2

See Torah Temimah, note 10, who elaborates. However, the Lashon 'la'Kohen Atzmo' implies that the owner must give it to the Kohen himself, and not to his Shali'ach?

7)

What do "Zero'a, Lechayayim and Keivah", respectively, incorporate?

1.

Rashi, Targum Onkelos and Targum Yonasan: "Zero'a" incorporates the right foreleg from the knee down to the foot; "Lechayayim", the two jaw-bones (the lower-jaw and the upper-jaw ? Targum Yonasan) together with the tongue, and "Keivah", the stomach (called the maw).

8)

Why are specifically these three parts given to the Kohen?

1.

Rashi and Ramban #1 (both citing the Dorshei Reshumos, Chulin 134b) and Targum Yonasan (in Pinchas, 25:13): "Zero'a" corresponds to Pinchas' arm, which killed Zimri and Kozbi, "Lechayayim", to his Tefilah (see Tehilim, 106:30), and "Keivah", to their stomachs, which he pierced with his spear. See Bamidbar 25:8. (And the Mitzvah of Matanos was instituted on behalf of the Kohanim on the merit of Pinchas when he joined them in the Kehunah ? Ramban).

2.

Ramban #2 (citing the Rambam in Moreh Nevuchim): Because they are all firsts - the jaws are the first limbs of the body, the Zero'a is the first of all the limbs that branch off from the body, and the stomach 1 is the first of the innards. And it is befitting to give the firsts in honor of those who serve Hashem. 2


1

See Oznayim la'Torah 'DH 'ha'Zero'a ve'ha'Lechayayim ve'ha'Keivah' #2.

2

Like Bikurim, B'chor Adam and B'chor Beheimah.

9)

What are the implications of the 'Hey' in "ha'Zero'a" and in "ha'Lechayayim"?

1.

Chulin, 134b: The former implies the right foreleg, 1 the latter, includes the hair on the head of the lambs and the beard of the goats. 2


1

See Torah Temimah, note 17.

2

See Torah Temimah, note 18. We must therefore say that the Gemara interprets "ha'Lechayayim" with reference to the upper and the lower jaws. Refer to 18:3:5:1 & 18:3:8:1. See also Torah Temimah, note 19.

10)

Why does the Torah write "ha'Lechayim" (plural)?

1.

Targum Yonasan: Because it incorporates both the lower and the upper jaws. 1

2.

Sifri: To confine Matanos to the lower jaw, which comprises two bones. 2

3.

Chulin, 134b: Refer to 18:3:7:1**.


1

Refer also to 18:3:7:1**.

2

See Torah Temimah, note 19.

11)

What is the 'Hey' in "ve'ha'Keivah" coming to include?

1.

Chulin, 134b: It incorporates both the Cheilev that is on the stomach and the milk that is inside the stomach in the Din of Matanos. 1


1

See Torah Temimah, note 20, citing the S'mag,

12)

Why are the the Zero'a the Lechayayim and the Keivah not mentioned together with the Matnos Kehunah in Korach?

1.

Rashi: Because they were only given to the Kohanim on the merit of Pinchas - after the episode of Korach. 1

2.

Ramban #1: Because the Torah there only included the Matnos Kehunah which are Kadosh, but not these Matanos and Reishis ha'Gez which are pure Chulin.

3.

Ramban #2 (citing the Sifri): It did include them. 2


1

Refer to 18:3:6:1, and see Torah Temimah in Bamidbar, 25:7, note 19.

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