Why did he anoint him "b'Kerev Echav"?
Mahari Kara, Radak: I.e. he was chosen among all of them. Malbim - they mean that he was not anointed in front of them; the matter was a secret. 1
Malbim: He wanted the anointment to put on him an influence of Kedushah, Taharah and Ru'ach Gevurah, so it should be among 10 - Yishai, his eight sons and Shmuel. Shechinah does not rest among less than 10 (Sanhedrin 39a).
This helps to understand why Eli'av got angry at David for coming to the war. Had he known that David was anointed to be king, why should he object if David comes to see the war?! (PF)
What is "Ru'ach Hashem"?
Rashi: It is Ru'ach of Gevurah (strength).
Radak: It is Ru'ach of Gevurah. 1 So Yonasan translated, and also verse 14 "v'Ru'ach Hashem Sarah me'Im Sha'ul." This Ru'ach aroused him to kill the lion, bear and Galyus. He also had Ru'ach ha'Kodesh from that day, and said songs with Ru'ach ha'Kodesh. "Ru'ach Hashem" includes Ru'ach ha'Kodesh and Ru'ach Gevurah.
Our texts say "a Ru'ach Hashem of prophecy." Each of the next four sentences of Radak shows that this is a mistake. Surely, ignorant scribes 'corrected' Radak based on our text of Targum Yonasan. (PF)
