Who are "ha'Sheloshim"?
Rashi (Shmuel II, 23:23): Every "Sheloshim" in this Parshah (in Sefer Shmuel), Yonason translates 'Giborim'.
Radak (Shmuel II, 23:24,39): There are 30 Giborim listed 1 , from Asah'el until Uriyah ha'Chiti (23:39).
Vilna Gaon: There are 30 Giborim listed, from Elchanan until Uriyah ha'Chiti (verse 41).
Malbim (Shmuel II, 23:21): They are the three who brought the water, and the first three, and 24 listed after Asah'el, finishing with Pa'arei ha'Arbi (23:35). Ben ha'Ma'achasi (verse 34) is included. Do not say that ha'Ma'achasi is Elifelet's grandfather [and should not be counted]. No grandfathers are named here!
He discusses those listed in Sefer Shmuel. Malbim (26) - some of the names here are different. Either those Giborim had two names, or the some of the first ones died, and Ezra listed others in place of them.
What is the meaning of "Min ha'Sheloshim Hino Nichbad Hu"?
Radak: He is not counted among the 30 1 , but he was more than honored than them.
Malbim: Benayahu was more honored than all of the Giborim, for he was Rosh Sanhedrin, even though he did not reach the Gevurah of the first three.
What is the meaning of "v'El ha'Sheloshah Lo Va"?
'Rashi', Radak: He was not one of the first three, i.e. Adino, Elazar and Shamah.
Radak citing Targum Yonasan: He did not reach the Gevurah of the first three, i.e. the mighty acts that they did.
What is the meaning of "va'Ysimehu David Al Mishmato"?
Radak (Shmuel II, 23:25) #1: He appointed him for his counsel.
Radak (Shmuel II, 23:25) #2: He appointed him over Anshei Mishmato, i.e. ha'Kereisi veha'Pleisi ? "u'Venayahu ven Yehoyada Al ha'Kereisi veha'Pleisi" (20:23)
Vilna Gaon: He would hear the king's words, and inform the people.
