D.A.F.'s Moadim section

1) Letting the First Offense Pass -

Our Sages teach (Rosh Hashanah 17a) that Hashem is "Ma'avir Rishon Rishon" - He passes over the first sin a person commits, and does not hold the person accountable for it. How does this Midah apply, and what are its conditions?

1. Insights to Rosh Hashanah 17:1

2. Yosef Da'as to Rosh Hashanah 17:p2

2) "The Humble One" -

Why do we refer to Moshe as "the humble one" in this context, as we lead up to the 13 Attributes of Mercy?

1. Members' lecture for Chanukah 5767 from 47:35 til 50:00, by Rabbi Mordecai Kornfeld

3) Thirteen Attributes -

What are the various approaches as to how to count the 13 Attributes of Mercy found in these Pesukim?

1. Tosfos to Rosh Hashanah 17:7

2. Chart for Rosh Hashanah 17

4) "Let them do this order before Me" -

But it often happens that we cry out the 13 Attributes, but go un-answered? What is the proper way to "carry out" the 13 Attributes?

1. Yosef Da'as to Rosh Hashanah 17:p3, ד"ה קשה

2. Mafteach to Shemos 34:6:0.2

5) Before sinning, and after sinning -

The Gemara (Rosh Hashanah 17a) explains that the repeated Name of Hashem means "I am Hashem before a person sins; I am Hashem after he sins and repents." But why does a person need Hashem's trait of mercy even before he sins?

1. Insights to Rosh Hashanah 17:2

2. Yosef Da'as to Rosh Hashanah 17:p3

6) -

For more about the 13 Attributes of Mercy, see the "Torah Reading, Fast Days" section below:

1. Moadim Page for Three Weeks & Fast Days section 10

אֵ-ל מֶלֶךְ יוֹשֵׁב עַל כִּסֵּא רַחֲמִים, מִתְנַהֵג בַּחֲסִידוּת מוֹחֵל עֲו‍ֹנוֹת עַמּוֹ, מַעֲבִיר רִאשׁוֹן רִאשׁוֹן, מַרְבֶּה מְחִילָה לְחַטָּאִים וּסְלִיחָה לַפּוֹשְׁעִים, עוֹשֶׂה צְדָקוֹת עִם כָּל בָּשָׂר וָרוּחַ, לֹא כְרָעָתָם תִּגְמוֹל. אֵ-ל הוֹרֵיתָ לָּנוּ לוֹמַר שְׁלֹשׁ עֶשְׂרֵה, זְכוֹר לָנוּ הַיּוֹם בְּרִית שְׁלֹשׁ עֶשְׂרֵה, כְּמוֹ שֶׁהוֹדַעְתָּ לֶעָנָיו מִקֶּדֶם, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וַיֵּרֶד ה' בֶּעָנָן וַיִּתְיַצֵּב עִמּוֹ שָׁם, וַיִּקְרָא בְשֵׁם, ה':	O Al-Mighty, King, Who sits upon the throne of Mercy, Who conducts Himself with piousness, Who pardons the iniquities of His nation. You allow every first sin to pass; You increase pardon to sinners and forgiveness to the wanton; You perform righteousness with all flesh and every soul, and not in accord with their evil do You repay. Al-Mighty, You have instructed us to say the thirteen attributes, remember for us this day the covenant of the thirteen; as You made known to the humble one [Moshe] in previous times, as it is written, "And Hashem descended in the cloud, and stationed Himself with him there; and Hashem proclaimed the Name."
וַיַּעֲבֹר ה' עַל פָּנָיו וַיִּקְרָא,	And Hashem passed by before him, and proclaimed:
ה' ה' קֵ-ל רַחוּם וְחַנּוּן אֶרֶךְ אַפַּיִם וְרַב־חֶסֶד וֶאֱמֶת: נֹצֵר חֶסֶד לָאֲלָפִים, נֹשֵׂא עָו‍ֹן וָפֶשַׁע וְחַטָּאָה, וְנַקֵּה . וְסָלַחְתָּ לַעֲו‍ֹנֵנוּ וּלְחַטָּאתֵנוּ, וּנְחַלְתָּנוּ: סְלַח לָנוּ אָבִינוּ כִּי חָטָאנוּ, מְחַל לָנוּ מַלְכֵּנוּ כִּי פָשָׁעְנוּ: כִּי אַתָּה אֲ-דֹנָי טוֹב וְסַלָּח, וְרַב חֶסֶד לְכָל קֹרְאֶיךָ:	'Hashem, Hashem, Al-Mighty merciful and gracious, long-suffering, and abundant in goodness and truth. Keeping mercy to thousands [of generations], forgiving iniquity, wanton transgression and sin; and cleanses ... And may You pardon our iniquity and our sin, and take us for Your inheritance." Forgive us, our Father, for we have sinned; pardon us, our King, for we have sinned wantonly. For you Hashem are good, and the Forgiver, and abundant in kindness to all who call out to You.

תלמוד בבלי מסכת ראש השנה יז. -יז:	Rosh Hashanah 17a-17b
תנא דבי רבי ישמעאל מעביר ראשון ראשון וכן היא המדה. אמר רבא, ועון עצמו אינו נמחק דאי איכא רובא עונות מחשיב בהדייהו.	Tana d'Bei R. Yishmael teaches: Hashem places the first sin to the side, as is one of His attributes (as derived from a Pasuk). But Rava says: Yet these first sins are not erased; if the person still has a majority of sins, they are added to them.
... וַיַּעֲבֹר ה' עַל פָּנָיו וַיִּקְרָא (שמות לד:ו), אמר רבי יוחנן אלמלא מקרא כתוב אי אפשר לאומרו, מלמד שנתעטף הקדוש ברוך הוא כשליח צבור והראה לו למשה סדר תפלה, אמר לו כל זמן שישראל חוטאין יעשו לפני כסדר הזה ואני מוחל להם. ה', ה', אני הוא קודם שיחטא האדם ואני הוא לאחר שיחטא האדם ויעשה תשובה. א-ל רחום וחנון. אמר רב יהודה ברית כרותה לשלש עשרה מדות שאינן חוזרות ריקם, שנאמר הִנֵּה אָנֹכִי כֹּרֵת בְּרִית (שם י').	... "And Hashem passed before Moshe, and He called out" (Shemos 34:6). R. Yochanan says, Had the Pasuk not stated it, we could not have said such a thing - Hashem clothed Himself like a Shali'ach Tzibur, and demonstrated for Moshe the order of prayer. Whenever the Jews recite (lit. when they do) the Thirteen Attributes, they will be forgiven. "Hashem, Hashem" - It is I Who displays mercy both before man sins, and after he has sinned and repented ...There is a covenant that a recital of the Thirteen Attributes will always be answered, as the verse states, "Behold I am making a covenant" (ibid. v. 10).

KEL MELECH YOSHEV

ATTRIBUTES OF MERCY