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עברית

קימו וקבלו
Re-accepting the Torah

תלמוד בבלי מסכת שבת פח.

Shabbos 88a

וַיִּתְיַצְּבוּ בְּתַחְתִּית הָהָר (שמות יט:יז), אמר רב אבדימי בר חמא בר חסא, מלמד שכפה הקדוש ברוך הוא עליהם את ההר כגיגית ואמר להם אם אתם מקבלים התורה מוטב ואם לאו שם תהא קבורתכם. אמר רב אחא בר יעקב מכאן מודעא רבה לאורייתא! אמר רבא אף על פי כן הדור קבלוה בימי אחשורוש דכתיב קִיְּמוּ וְקִבְּלוּ הַיְּהוּדִים (אסתר ט:כז) - קיימו מה שקיבלו כבר.

"They positioned themselves at the bottom of the mountain" (Shemos 19:17) - Rav Avdimi bar Chama bar Chasa says, this teaches that Hashem suspended Har Sinai over Yisrael like a barrel; He told them, "if you accept the Torah, good; but if not, you will be buried there!" Rav Acha bar Yaakov says, 'This is a great Moda'ah (disclaimer) against [Kabalas] ha'Torah!' (Moda'ah - Someone forced to do something against his will, tells witnesses that he is coerced and does not intend for his deed to take effect - thus we can say that we never intended to accept Torah!) Says Rava, Nevertheless, at the time of the miracle of Purim, "Kiyemu v'Kibelu ha'Yehudim" (Esther 9:27), Yisrael [now willingly] affirmed, what they had already accepted [through coercion].

"A GREAT DISCLAIMER"

1) The mountain held over our heads -

Why did Hashem force us to accept Torah in this fashion, if it would later be "a great disclaimer" against our acceptance of the Torah (Shabbos 88a)?

1. Mafteach to Shemos 19:17:151

2. Mafteach to Shemos 19:17:153

3. Discussion for Shabbos 88:0

2) Even after Na'aseh v'Nishma! -

Tosfos to Shabbos 88a asks - Why was this coercion necessary? Bnei Yisrael had already willingly accepted the Torah with "Na'aseh v'Nishma" (Shemos 24:7 -- which had already taken place, see Rashi to 19:11)?

1. Mafteach to Shemos 19:17:152

2. Mafteach to Shemos 19:17:3:1

3. Insights to Shabbos 88:2:c

WILLING ACCEPTANCE

3) Purim -

In what sense does Purim itself constitute our willing acceptance of the Torah?

1. Mafteach to Shemos 19:17:151:2:3

2. Insights to Yoma 29:1

4) "Shalom ve'Emes" (Esther 9:30) -

How was our new acceptance of Torah, in and of itself the greatest negation of Amalek, and a guarantee for our survival throughout history?

1. Members' Lecture for Purim 5769 from 24:50 til 30:40, by Rabbi Mordecai Kornfeld

2. Marei Mekomos for Members' Lecture on Purim 5769, section 7 and 15

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