[81a - 37 lines; 81b - 48 lines]
1)[line 5]òðé, îøé!ANEI, MORI!- Answer [me], my master!
2)[line 6]àøáòéï áëúôéä, åëùø?ARBA'IN B'CHASFEI, V'CHASHER?- [as a punishment for making a Temurah, he receives] forty [lashes] on his shoulder (see Background to Menachos 79:21b), and [this is a] proper [suggestion to solve the problem of the Todah that gets mixed up with its Temurah and one of the animals subsequently dies]?
3)[line 6]çìùCHALASH- he became ill
4)[line 11]ãàéëà àøáò ìäðéóD'IKA ARBA L'HANIF- there are four [loaves (the share of the Kohanim)] to wave [in the Azarah of the Beis ha'Mikdash]
5)[line 12]÷à îòééì çåìéï ìòæøä!KA ME'AYIL CHULIN LA'AZARAH! (CHULIN BA'AZARAH)
See Background to Menachos 80:15.
6)[line 14]àí àéúà ìãçæ÷éä ãàîø ÷ãùå àøáòéí îúåê ùîåðéíIM ISA LED'CHIZKIYAH D'AMAR KIDSHU ARBA'IM MI'TOCH SHEMONIM- if the Halachah follows the opinion of Chizkiyah (Daf 78b), who rules that one may state about eighty loaves of Lachmei Todah, "Forty out of these eighty loaves shall become consecrated with this Korban Todah," and his words are effective in consecrating the forty loaves (This is not only the opinion of Chizkiyah, since Rebbi Zeira (ibid.) states that even Rebbi Yochanan agrees to this Halachah - TOSFOS DH Im Isa)
7)[line 20]îùåí ã÷à îîòè áàëéìä ãàøáòéíMISHUM D'KA MEMA'ET BA'ACHILAH D'ARBA'IM- (a) since he is eliminating the eating of forty loaves if the animal left is not a Todah (RASHI, 1st explanation) and those forty loaves that are left over until the next morning will need to be burned, and he will thusly transgress the prohibition of "Bal Tashchis," wasting any useful item (RASHI, 3rd explanation); (b) according to the Girsa "MISHUM D'KA MEMA'ET BA'ACHILAH D'ARBA'AH" - since, in the event that the animal left is not a Todah, he is possibly causing the four genuine Lachmei Todah to become Nosar, as follows: eight Lachmei Todah are separated. Since four of them might not be Lachmei Todah, we might end up with a situation where there are not enough Kohanim to eat all eight loaves. If so, perhaps the genuine Lachmei Todah will not be eaten at all and will become Nosar. (RASHI KSAV YAD, 1st explanation)
8)[line 30]àí ùééøå îùåééøIM SHIYERO MESHUYAR- (lit. if he leaves it over, it is left over) [if Rebbi Yochanan rules that "Ubar Lav Yerech Imo" (There is a Machlokes as to whether or not "a fetus is no more than a part of its mother's thigh," i.e. is it considered part of the same entity as its mother, or are the mother and its fetus considered to be two different entities),] it is effective to leave out the fetus from one's pledge (consecrating the mother only)
9)[line 31]àé÷ìòIKLA- came upon
10)[line 31]ãîäåøéà / ãîäøéàDAMHORIYA / DAMHARYA- a place in Bavel
11)[line 32]åìéîà äøé òìéV'LEIMA HAREI ALAI - and he shall say, "Harei Alai Todah" - "It is incumbent upon me to bring a Korban Todah" (in which case he must bring another animal if the first one he designates gets lost) (NEDER)
(a)A person may offer a Korban in the Beis ha'Mikdash as a voluntary sacrifice, as it states in Vayikra 1:2. Voluntary Korbanos may be Olos (which are burned entirely on the Mizbe'ach, see Vayikra 1:2-17, 6:1-6), Shelamim (including Todos) (parts of which are eaten, see Vayikra 3:1-17, 7:11-21, 7:28-37), or Menachos (flour offerings, see Vayikra 2:1-13, 6:7-11, 7:9-10).
(b)When a person states, "I pledge a Todah" ("Harei Alai Todah"), without singling out a specific animal, his pledge is called a Neder. When he sets aside an animal with which to fulfill his pledge, and the animal gets lost or dies, he must bring another in its place. If he states, "This animal is an Todah" ("Harei Zo Todah"), his pledge is called a Nedavah. If the animal gets lost or dies, he has no obligation to bring another in its place.
12)[line 36]"èåÉá àÂùÑÆø ìÉà úÄãÌÉø îÄùÑÌÆúÌÄãÌåÉø åÀìÉà úÀùÑÇìÌÅí.""TOV ASHER LO SIDOR MISHE'TIDOR V'LO SESHALEM."- "It is better not to vow than to vow and not pay." (Koheles 5:4)
81b----------------------------------------81b
13a)[line 2]úåãä îï äîòùø åìçîä îï äçåìéï, éáéàTODAH MIN HA'MA'ASER V'LACHMAH MIN HA'CHULIN, YAVI- if one pledges, "I will offer a Korban Todah in which I shall purchase the animal with money from the redemption of Ma'aser Sheni and the Lachmei Todah with Chulin (i.e. unconsecrated money that was not used to redeem Ma'aser Sheni), he shall bring [the Korban exactly as he stated]
b)[line 3][úåãä] äéà åìçîä îï äîòùø, éáéà[TODAH,] HI V'LACHMAH MIN HA'MA'ASER, YAVI- [if one pledges, "I will offer a Korban Todah in which I shall purchase] both [the animal] and its loaves with [money from the redemption of] Ma'aser [Sheni], he shall bring [the Korban exactly as he stated]
14a)[line 4]åìà éáéà îçéèé îòùø ùðéV'LO YAVI ME'CHITEI MA'ASER SHENI- and he shall not make the Lachmei Todah from the actual wheat kernels of Ma'aser Sheni
b)[line 5]îòåú îòùø ùðéMA'OS MA'ASER SHENI (MA'ASER SHENI: ACHILASO / PIDYONO)
(a)After a crop that is grown in Eretz Yisrael is harvested and brought to the owner's house or yard, he must separate Terumah Gedolah from the crop and give it to a Kohen. Although the Torah does not specify the amount to be given, the Rabanan set the requirement at one fiftieth of the total crop. After Terumah is removed from the produce, one tenth of the produce that remains must be designated "Ma'aser Rishon," and given to a Levi. The Levi, in turn, must separate one tenth of his Ma'aser Rishon as Terumas Ma'aser, to be given to a Kohen, as it states in Bamidbar 18:26.
(b)The produce may not be eaten until both Terumos have been separated from it. Until the Terumos have been separated, the produce is called Tevel. The punishment for eating Tevel is Misah b'Yedei Shamayim (Sanhedrin 83a).
(c)A second tithe is given every year after Ma'aser Rishon has been separated. The tithe that is separated in the third and sixth years of the 7-year Shemitah cycle is called Ma'aser Ani and is given to the poor.
(d)The tithe that is separated during the first, second, fourth and fifth years is called Ma'aser Sheni. The Torah requires that Ma'aser Sheni be brought to Yerushalayim and eaten there by its owner. Anyone who eats Ma'aser Sheni produce outside of the walls of Yerushalayim (without Pidyon, redemption - see (e) below) receives Malkus (RAMBAM Hilchos Ma'aser Sheni 2:5). Once the Ma'aser Sheni produce enters the walls of Yerushalayim, it may not be redeemed. It is considered "Niklat," "captured" by the walls.
(e)Alternatively, Ma'aser Sheni produce may be redeemed (Pidyon), in which case the money used to redeem it is brought to Yerushalayim. If the owner himself redeems the produce, he must add an additional fifth (of the ensuing total, or a quarter of the original value). The food that is bought with this money in Yerushalayim becomes Kodesh like Ma'aser Sheni and must be eaten b'Taharah. Ma'aser Sheni that was redeemed by anyone besides the owner is exempt from the additional fifth.
15)[line 12]éáéà äéà åìçîä îï äçåìéïYAVI HI V'LACHMAH MIN HA'CHULIN- he should bring the animal and the Lachmei Todah from Chulin, since we assume that he retracted his original statement of "Todah Min ha'Ma'aser" and only stated "Lachmah Min ha'Chulin" as the end of his statement. We then should rule "Sof Milsa Nakat," "He has only stated the end of the matter," obligating him to bring both the animal and the Lechamim from Chulin (RASHI KSAV YAD)
16)[line 14]äøé òìé ìçí ìôèåø úåãúå ùì ôìåðéHAREI ALAI LECHEM LIFTOR TODASO SHEL PELONI- I except upon myself to bring Lachmei Todah to fulfill the obligation of the Korban Todah animal of so-and-so
17)[line 21]ëåôéï àåúåKOFIN OSO- we (Beis Din) force him
18)[line 26]ðãø åôúçå òîå äåàNEDER U'FISCHO IMO HU (NEDER / CHARATAH / PESACH)
(a)When an adult makes a Neder (or designates Chalah, Terumah or Kodshim) or Nezirus, and he regrets having made the Neder, he may have it revoked by a Beis Din of three (if they are not outstanding authorities) or a Yachid Mumcheh (an outstanding authority). The general method used is that Beis Din investigates whether the person would not have made the Neder in the first place had he been aware of a particular fact. This investigation provides the person with a "Pesach" (opening) with which the Beis Din can revoke the Neder.
(b)If there are no facts that the person who made the Neder was not aware of but, nevertheless, he now regrets making the Neder, there is a Machlokes Tana'im as to whether the fact that the person regrets having made the Neder ("Charatah") is enough of a Pesach to allow the Neder to be annulled. The Halachah follows the opinion that Charatah is a valid Pesach in and of itself.
19)[line 28]úôåñ ìùåï äøàùåïTFOS LESHON HA'RISHON- (lit. grasp the first expression) the first statement is the only one that we regard seriously
20)[line 28]äøéðé ðæéø îï äâøåâøåú åîï äãáìäHAREINI NAZIR MIN HA'GEROGEROS U'MIN HA'DEVEILAH- I am a Nazir (see Background to Menachos 76:4) with the stipulation that I am only prohibited from eating dried figs or cakes of pressed figs
21)[line 33]ã÷à áòé äãø áéäD'KA BA'I HADAR BEI- that he wants to retract his original statement
22)[line 37]åàåîø ìå, "ùÑÀîÉø åÀùÑÈîÇòÀúÌÈ"V'OMER LO, "SHEMOR V'SHAMATA"- and we say to him, "Guard and you shall listen" (Devarim 12:28)
23)[line 41]éáéà? ìà ñâé ãìà îééúé?"YAVI"? LO SAGI D'LO MAISI?- "He shall bring [the Korban exactly as he stated - from Ma'aser Sheni money]"? Does this imply that he cannot bring them from Chulin? (lit. It is not enough if he does not bring them [from Ma'aser money]?)
24a)[line 44]àáì îçéèéï äì÷åçåú îîòåú îòùø ùðé éáéàAVAL ME'CHITIN HA'LEKUCHOS MI'MA'OS MA'ASER SHENI YAVI- but he may bring the Lachmei Todah from wheat that is bought with the money of Ma'aser Sheni
b)[line 46]çéèéï äì÷åçåú áîòåú îòùø ùðéCHITIN HA'LEKUCHOS B'MA'OS MA'ASER SHENI- wheat that was bought with the money from the redemption of Ma'aser Sheni (see above, entry #14b)