Dear Rabbi

I was wondering if you could help me with some questions. I recently read through a book called "the handbook of Jewish thought - by Rabbi Aryeh Kaplan. The second volume of the book (the pink one) had a whole section devoted to the topic of martydom, something on everyones mind at the moment

My questions are as follows

1. A jew should rather give his life than murder, commit forbidden sexual relations, engage in adultery, have relations with a woman who is niddah

Is a non jew considered under the category of murder, ie would it obligatory to kill a non jew in such a life or death situation?

2. With regard to sexual crimes such as rape, would a non jew also be included?

3. I also recall reading that with regards to the above categories one need not be martyred for any rabbinical laws associated with them (sifethy cohen 157:10) . Based on this logic I would presume the following would be deemed permissible, ie would not have to give up ones life than transgress the following...

Relations with a boy under the age of 9 years old

Permissible for a man to "waste seed"

Permissible for family members to marry once they have been converted, as they are no longer related

Relations with any of the following: The sages extended these prohibitions to include a man's 6) grandmother, great-grandmother or step-grandmother; 7) father's or mother's half-brother's wife; 8) great-granddaughter, and son's, daughter's or grandson's daughter-in-law; 9) wife's great-grandmother or great-granddaughter; and the relatives (mother, grandmother, daughter, granddaughter, sister) of a woman with whom the man has had sexual relations. Some of these apply also to further generations.c

I feel I might be mistaken with my assumptions, correct me if I am wrong

Regards,

Rael Levinsohn, Sydney