Hello kollel!
A few questions on purim hameshulash (is it meshulash or hameshulash)?
Two scenarios, both involving someone from an unwalled city traveling to Jerusalem.
1) let's say someone lives in raanana. He hears the Megillah Thursday night and again Friday morning and does all of the mitzvot of the day, then travels to Jerusalem arriving in time for Shabbat. Does he have to have a seuda and give mishloach manot on Sunday or can he come right back Sunday morning since he was already yotzei?
2) can he actually leave raanana first thing in the morning on Friday and hear the Megillah, (and give matanot levyonim) in Jerusalem since purim meshulash does so on Friday? Then he'll do all the mitzvot like a yerushalmi...I suppose the question is whether the mitzvot of the day are retroactively chal to the 14th for him given he'll be in Jerusalem on the night of the 15th?
Thank you!
Josh
The Sugya of "Mukaf Ben Yomo" is one of the most discussed topics regarding the Mitzvos of Purim. Purim ha'Meshulash (I think that is the correct way to say it), is different in one aspect.
We know from the Yerushalmi that if a person from an unwalled city was home for Purim on the 14th of Adar and then went to a walled city in the evening of the 15th, we usually are Noheg l'Chumra and say that this person should observe Purim once more on the 15th. The question regarding Purim ha'Meshulash is, what is the day that turns an unwalled person into a walled one? Is it the Shabbos of the 15th, since that is the real day of Purim, or is it the 14th since that is the day we actually read the Megilah? There are several opinions. Some of the Poskim say that the 15th still counts, and others say that in this kind of year only the 14th counts. So as for your first question, it's a great question because there are no straight answers, and there are different opinions.
As for your second question, I don't see why his status would be different from any other year. If a person on a regular year would leave Raanana to come to Yerushalayim on the 14th in the morning before he ate a Purim Se'udah or before he did one of the other Mitzvos, he will need to do the Mitzvos in Yerushalayim, even if he will do it on his own. The same applies in the year of Purim ha'Meshulash; the status of Ben Ir will not change just because in Yerushalayim they are performing just part of the Mitzvos on the 14th. The idea is based on the basic idea of the Sugya, that a person has a status. He can either be a Ben Kerach or a Ben Ir, depending on where he sleeps, but the actual physical place in which the person finds himself is secondary.
Thank you, for the second one I guess part of the question is can he be yotzei from the Megillah reading on the 14th if he's not yet a ben ir (since he only arrived that morning). To change it perhaps, can he hear the megillah in Jerusalem that morning then go back home and do the rest of the mitzvot in raanana?
I would like to clarify your question. In any case and every year, for every person who is Chayav in the Megilah reading (or any other of the Mitzvos of Purim), once he is Chayav the location where he will fulfill the Mitzvah has no significance. If a Ben Ir went to Jerusalem on the morning of the 14th and still has not read the Megilah at home, he must read it in Jerusalem, even though the rest of the city will read it only the next day.
If so, your question is not whether the Ben Ir should read in Jerusalem or in Raanana, but whether the Ben Ir can be Motzi a Ben Kerach or rather can a Ben Kerach be Motzi a Ben Ir.
The issue depends on the following question: Is the Halachah that the Bnei Kerach will read the Megilah on the 14th (to prevent them from carriying the Megilah scroll on Shabbos in Reshus ha'Rabim by mistake) part of the original Takanah (what is called in Halachah, "mi'Divrei Kabalah") -- that is, the basis of the Takanah of Purim day and its Mitzvos was also a Takanah about what happens when Purim falls on Shabbos for the Bnei Kerach, or is it a later Takanah of Chazal, a Takanah mid'Rabanan?
According to this introduction, it is clear to all the Poskim that a Ben Ir can be Motzi a Ben Kerach on Purim ha'Meshulash, since he is Mechuyav by the Divrei Kabalah as usual, even if a Ben Kerach is only Chayav mid'Rabanan. Regarding whether a Ben Karach can be Motzi a Ben Ir on the 14th, there are Poskim who maintain that there is a difference between a person who is Chayav mi'Divrei Kabalah and a person who is Chayav mid'Rabanan, so it is better for the Ben Ir to read the Megilah on his own. However, this opinion is a minority opinion, and most of the Poskim are of the opinion that in a year that everyone reads on the same day -- that is, on the 14th -- everyone can be Motzi anyone, and there is no such division between mi'Divrei Kabalah and other Takanos mid'Rabanan.
Best Regards,
Aharon Steiner