Tosfos in Pesachim 108b (DH she'Af Hein) asks your question. They answer that the Sevara of "Af Hein Hayu be'Oso ha'Nes" is confined to Rabbinical law (i.e. Megilah, Ner Chanukah and the four cups of wine on Pesach). As for Torah Mitzvos that are time-related, the Torah exempts them, and the Rabanan, it appears, left it at that (although from Tosfos' first answer in Megilah DH she'Af Hein it would seem that they are indeed Chayav mid'Rabanan). According to the Rashbam cited by Tosfos in both places, the question does not even get off the ground, since unlike the three Mitzvos mentioned above, the miracle of the Ananei ha'Kavod was not caused by women, in which case there was no reason to include them in the Mitzvah of Sukah.

Rav Kornfeld pointed out the Gemara in Sukah, which cites Halachah le'Moshe mi'Sinai as the source to exempt women from Sukah. The Gemara there tells us that otherwise women would be Chayav. However, the reason it gives for obligating women (had there not been a Halachah l'Moshe mi'Sinai) is a Gezeirah Shavah "Chamishah Asar" - "Chamishah-Asar" from Matzah (i.e. not because they were included in the miracle.)

be'Virchas Kol Tuv

Eliezer Chrysler