Why do they say "Masai Ya'avor Chodesh"?
Rashi: This is their ambition - they look forward to when grain will be expensive, and they will sell to the poor with Ribis and take their fields.
Rashi citing Targum Yonasan: When will a leap month be added to the year, and Chodesh ha'Ibur will come. Ibur is an expression of Ha'avarah, like "He'evir ha'Mo'ed" (Yirmeyah 46:17). Because offering the Omer is delayed (and new grain is forbidden until it is offered on Nisan 16), the price of old grain rises.
Radak, Malbim: This refers to "ha'Sho'afim Evyon" (4). The Evyon has no field; his income is from Leket, Shichechah and Pe'ah. The month of reaping will pass, when the poor find what to eat in fields, and then they will come to us to buy grain.
Malbim: Nisan Ya'avor (will pass) from its place. It is the month in which the Evyon is financed [from Leket, Shichechah and Pe'ah].
What is the meaning of "v'Nashbirah"?
Radak: We will sell [Malbim - at a high price]. One who sells grain is called Mashbir, e.g. "ha'Mashbir l'Chol Am ha'Aretz" (Bereishis 42:6), "Ochel ba'Kesef Tashbireni" (Devarim 2:28). Grain is called Shever, because it is Shover (breaks) hunger - "Shever Ra'avon Bateichem" (Bereishis 42:19), "Yishberu Fera'im Tzema'am" (Tehilim 104:11).
What is the meaning of "veha'Shabbos v'Niftechah Bar"?
Rashi citing Targum Yonasan: When will Shemitah come, and grain will rise in price, and we will open our storehouses of grain [to sell at the high price]?
Radak: When the month [of reaping] will pass, and the poor come to buy grain, they push them off until the coming week. He says, this week will pass, and in another week, we will open the storehouse of grain and sell. They push them off until the price rises, and sell as they want [at the high price]. "Shabbos" is a week, like "Sheva Shabsos Temimos Tihyenah" (Vayikra 23:15).
Malbim: This corresponds to "v'Lashbis Aniyei Aretz" (4). The Oni has a field. They look forward to the Shemitah year, when he has no grain from his field. Then we will open our storehouses of grain and increase the price, and sell as we desire (refer to 8:5:5:1*).
What is "Lehaktin Eifah u'Lehagdil Shekel"?
Rashi: We will sell in a small measure and receive a large weight of money.
Radak: They diminish the Eifah measure with which they sell, and increase the Shekel (money) that they take from buyers. The stone used to weigh money, they increase it.
How are they Me'aves Mozenei Mirmah?
Radak: They make crooked scales - they are Mozenei Mirmah (scales of deception) after they make them crooked 1 . Also "u'Vigdei Arumim Tafshit" (Iyov 22:5; they are naked after their clothes are removed), "va'Tachani Kamach" (Yeshayah 47:2).
Radak, Malbim: They swindle the poor in three ways when selling to them grain (they give deficient measures, they take larger coins, and the scales are crooked).
