1)

What is "ba'Galgal"?

1.

Rashi: This is like k'Galgal. The sound of Your thunder was like a ball on the water, to confound Machaneh Mitzrayim.

2.

Radak #1: There is a Patach under each Gimel. It is the name of a place with a Chirik under the first Gimel - "v'Hamam Gilgal Eglaso" (Yeshayah 28:28). Galgal is [a one of the nine spheres that houses Heavenly bodies in] Shamayim. Each of the nine is called Galgal, because it constantly rotates. Even though the thunder, lightning, hailstones and rain are not in Galgal, rather, in the air, the air is [imprecisely] called Galgal, Shamayim, Raki'a and Shechakim. It is called Shamayim due to the height of the air towards Shamayim. It is truly called Raki'a - "Yehi Raki'a b'Soch ha'Mayim" (Bereishis 1:6), and He called it Shamayim - "va'Yikra Elokim la'Raki'a Shamayim" (ibid., 8). It is called Shechakim - "Yizlu Shechakim" (Iyov 36:28), and it is called [here] Galgal.

3.

Radak #2: Perhaps it is like "Gilgal Eglaso" (Yeshayah 28:28), i.e. the wheel of the wagon, like it says "va'Yasar Es Ofan Markevosav" (Shemos 14:25).

4.

Malbim (19-20): This is the lowest sphere, in our Raki'a. It says "Ra'amcha", for it results from a higher thunder that came from You. The Mechilta says, from the sound of thunder above, the conduits below splashed

2)

Do we find that lightning illuminated the entire land?

1.

Radak: Yes - "va'Ya'er Es ha'Laylah 1 " (Shemos 14:20).


1

Seemingly, the verse says that the angel or cloud illuminated! Perhaps it illuminated via lightning. (PF)

3)

How was the land agitated?

1.

Radak: The Egyptians were agitated.

2.

Malbim: It is the result of revelation of miracles and lightning above.

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