1)

Who gave the name, and to whom (what), and why?

1.

Shabbos 10b: Gid'on called Hashem Shalom; this teaches that Shalom is a name of Hashem. Tosfos (10b) - he called Him Shalom, for He makes Shalom, like Targum Yonasan says. 1

2.

Rashi: Gid'on called the Mizbe'ach Hashem Shalom, for Hashem is our Shalom. 2

3.

Malbim: Hashem called the Mizbe'ach Shalom, because the people of the city were idolaters, and they destroyed the second Mizbe'ach. This one was not destroyed, and exists until today.


1

Targum Yonasan says that he served on the Mizbe'ach to Hashem, who made Shalom for him. It does not discuss giving the name!

2

Malbim: Hashem is the thread on which all parts of the world are tied; he combines and sustains them. This is why he is called 'the King that Shalom is His.' Lev Yitzchak - Rashi explains like R. Acha (Megilah 18a), who prefers to say that the verse discusses the Mizbe'ach's name, just like "va'Yikra Lo Kel Elokei Yisrael" (Bereishis 33:20); the verse implies unlike this.

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