Who oppressed Efrayim?
Rashi: Nochrim.
What is "Ratzutz Mishpat"?
Rashi: It is afflicted with afflictions.
Radak: The nations oppressed and crushed Efrayim with harsh judgments.
Malbim: The Shevatim were devoured via Evrah of the Klal, not via Mishpat. However, Shevet Efrayim which caused Rabim to sin, it was crushed via Mishpat and Din, and not due to Evrah.
What do we learn from "Ho'il Halach Acharei Tzav"?
Rashi: [It was afflicted] because it followed the commands of Nevi'im of the Ba'al.
Radak: [It was afflicted] because it followed the commands of Yaravam ben Nevat. "Ho'il Halach" teaches that it did so willingly. This is many years that it did not leave its evil way. It desired it very much! Tzav is like Mitzvah, like "Tzav l'Tzav" (Yeshayah 28:10). Its grammatical form is like Kav. The word "Yaravam" is omitted. Often words are omitted when the matter is understood. That generation did not follow Hashem's command rather, Yaravam's! Therefore, Hashem detracted, and wrote Tzav in place of Mitzvah.
Malbim: Efrayim began the Evrah, because it followed Yaravam's command, and they supported the matter of the calves, to cause Rabim to sin.
