1)

Did Devorah have prophecy for the future?

1.

Radak: No, her prophecy was only for her time. 1


1

Rashi (5:31) says that the end of her Shirah "v'Ohavav k'Tzeis ha'Shemesh bi'Gevuraso" is a prophecy for the future (after Mashi'ach).

2)

What is the meaning of "Eshes Lapidos"?

1.

Rashi: She 1 used to make wicks for [the Menorah in] the Mikdash.

2.

Tana d'Vei Eliyahu Rabah (10): She was Barak's wife; he is also called Lapidos. Radak - Lapidos (flames) is like Barak (lightning).

3.

Malbim: Her actions were with zeal and excitement, like flames. She merited prophecy, unlike the previous saviors. Her merit was one of four reasons why Yisrael merited to be saved. 2


1

Tana d'Vei Eliyahu Rabah (10): She persuaded her husband to make wicks for the Mikdash.

2

Malbim: The others are (a) They cried to Hashem. (b) She strove to correct the nation; she judged them. (c) Yisrael's merit - they came to her for judgment, unlike other Shoftim, who needed to go around.

3)

Can a woman be a judge?

1.

Tosfos (Nidah 50a) #1: Yes! Only regarding men, 'anyone Kosher to judge is Kosher to testify.'

2.

Tosfos (Nidah 50a) #2: It was a Hora'as Sha'ah to let her judge; normally it is forbidden.

3.

Tosfos (Nidah 50a) #3: She did not judge; she taught the laws to them.

4.

Tosfos (Gitin 88b): (If both parties agree, they can accept a judge Pasul for judging.) People accepted her due to Shechinah.

4)

What tense is "Shoftah"?

1.

Radak #1: It is past tense, from a verb form like Merubah. 1

2.

Radak #2: It is present tense. (Normally, it should say Shofetes, but) we find like this - "Esh Ochlah Kash" (Yo'el 2:5).


1

I.e. the Vov (Cholem, even though it is written without a Vov) is part of a four-letter root. This is Radak's opinion; some grammarians reject this. (Heard from R. Yakov Blinde.)

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