When does this Parashah apply?
Radak: It is for the future. Afterwards it mentions the salvation of Yisrael, until "in the 14th year" (36:1). Also Yirmeyah said "Tam Avonech Bas Tziyon Lo Yosif Lehaglosech Pakad Avonech Bas Edom Gilah Al Chatosayich" (Eichah 4:22). When Eretz Kusim will be destroyed, Yisrael will leave this Galus, and not be exiled again.
What is the difference between "Goyim" and "Umim"?
Malbim: Goyim are nations without a creed. Umim are more esteemed; they have a creed.
What is the difference between "Aretz" and "Tevel"?
Malbim: Aretz is the land that is not settled; Tevel is the part that is settled. Normally, the decree comes first on the settled part, and from there it spreads also on the unsettled. Here, he mentioned Aretz first, for the decree will spread on the entire world and its residents at once.
