What is the meaning of "veha'Aretz Chanfah"?
Rashi: It is like flattery - it makes grass, but it does not make Kamah (standing crop), or it shows Kamah, but there is no wheat in the straw.
Malbim: The land will be destroyed due to Yisrael's sin - "v'Ravtzah Bo Kol ha'Alah ha'Kesuvah ba'Sefer ha'Zeh; ... v'Ra'u Es Makos ha'Aretz; Gafris va'Melach Serefah Chol Artzah; ... Al Asher Azvu Es Bris Hashem Elokei Avosam" (Devarim 29:19, 21-22, 24). This curse was fulfilled at the time of their Galus. It is considered that the land flattered and sinned in place of its residents; it was punished due to them.
What is the meaning of "Tachas Yosheveha"?
Rashi: Due to its residents. Radak - due to their sin. This is like "Tachas Asher Lo Avadta" (Devarim 28:47).
What Toros did they transgress?
Radak #1: This refers to the [10] tribes, like the Meforshim said. (They transgressed written Torah and oral Torah.)
Radak #2: It refers to Nochrim, in the future. They subjugated Yisrael too much - "Ani Katzafti Me'at v'Hemah Azru l'Ra'ah" (Zecharyah 1:15).
Malbim: There are three Datos (codes of behavior) - natural, of etiquette and Divine. (a) Natural Das distances injustice and brings close straightness, so that brotherhood of people can last. They guard from murder, extortion and similar matters. (b) Das of etiquette is what a Chacham or Chachamim ordered, according to the time and place, to distance the repulsive and bring close the beautiful. It is in known matters that all agree to, that it is beautiful or repulsive based on intellect. (c) Hashem arranged Divine Das [and informed us] via a Navi, to straighten people to true success and happiness of the Nefesh. "Avru Soros" refer to this. Also refer to 24:5:4:2, 24:5:5:3.
Why does it say "Chalfu Chok"?
Radak: They switched the Chok (quota) of subjugating Yisrael.
Malbim: They did not guard Das of etiquette that intellect obligates, to distance the repulsive.
What is "Bris Olam"?
Rashi: It is the Torah, which they accepted with a Bris.
Radak: This is like it says about Edom "v'Lo Zachar Bris Achim" (Amos 1:9). Also Amon, Mo'av and Yishmael were brothers to Yisrael, and they harmed them. The evils that came to them were due to Yisrael. Also in the future, Gog and Magog and the nations will be punished due to Yisrael.
Malbim: It is Natural Das, which guards Bris of the world. Without it, society cannot last, for people will murder and oppress each other - 'a man will swallow his fellow-man' (Avos 3:2).
