What is "Holech al Kapav" referring to?
Rashi: It refers to animals such as bears, dogs and cats.
Sifra: It refers ro monkeys.
What is the word "ve'Chol Holech al Kapav" coming to include?
Sifra: It includes a Kupad (a species of monkey with a long tail), a Chuldas ha'Sena'im (also a species of monkey, or a rat), an Adnei ha'Sadeh (that resembles a human-being that is attached to the ground by a cord) and a seal, all of which also walk on the soles of their feet.
What is "be'Chol ha'Chayah ha'Holeches al Arba" (which is otherwise superfluous) coming to include?
Sifra: "be'Chol ha'Chayah" includes elephants, and "ha'Holeches al Arba", other Chayos Teme'os.
Why does the Torah insert here the Dinim of Tum'ah of Chayos that walk on the soles of their feet (and not on hoofs - such as dogs, bears and cats), which it did not mention above (in Pesukim 2-7 in the prohibition of eating?
Ramban (24 DH 'Hinei Lema'alah') and Moshav Zekenim: Because it is not common to eat them. However, they are included in the K'lal of whatever does not have split hooves or does not chew its cud, since the word 'Behemah' incorporates Chayos. 1
Panim Yafos: The Torah did not explicitly mention Tamei animals which possess no Siman Taharah. We can learn them from a Kal va'Chomer, but then they are not subject to Malkos [for Tum'as Mikdash ve'Kodoshav] 2 Therefore, the current Pasuk teaches us that they are Tamei.
Ramban and Moshav Zekenim: The Sifra learns from here that even Eiver min ha'Meis (a limb of a dead animal) is Metamei as well. Targum Yonasan learns this from Pasuk 32 (See Peirush Yonasan there). Refer also to 11:26:1:1.
Panim Yafos: The Sifra (in Shemini 2:3:2) learns the Isur of eating them from a Kal v'Chomer. The Mizrachi (Vayikra 11:8) and the Magid Mishnah (Hilchos Ma'achalos Asuros 2:1) say that since we extrapolate the La'av from an Asei, we can punish from a Kal va'Chomer. The Lechem Mishneh (ibid.) however, state that the Ramban refuted this explanation. Also the Gevuras Ari (in Makos 18b) cites many problems with it.
QUESTIONS ON RASHI
Rashi writes that bears, dogs and cats.are "Holech Al Kapav" - even though they have split hooves, they are Tamei because they walk on the soles of their feet. In that case, seeing as Shafan and Arneves are forbidden because they walk on their soles, why does the Torah - in Pesukim 5-6 - declare them Asur because their hooves are not fully split?
