Why does it say "Yetzei Devar Malchus"?
Vilna Gaon: Two new matters will begin today. (a) There will be a royal proclamation that even what pertains to the kingdom, will come in front of him, and he will judge it himself. (b) Refer to 1:19:4:2.
Malbim: After explaining Vashti's misconduct and how she foiled Achashverosh's attempt to get an unlimited kingship, Memuchan advises how to fix both of these via her death. (a) From now and onwards, royal edicts will not come from the Sarim, rather, from the king. Until now, the king could judge or enact only based on the officers and advisors. (b) Refer to 1:19:7:2.
What are "Dasei Faras u'Madai"?
Rashi: The Seforim of laws and conduct of the kingdom.
Why does it say "v'Lo Ya'avor"?
Rashi: This law will not depart from them. It will apply to anyone who disgraces her husband.
Vilna Gaon: The king will always be able to judge even what pertains to him.
Malbim: Every ruling that the king will give will be written, and it will be a precedent to judge all similar cases.
Why does it say "Asher Lo Savo Vashti", and not that she will be killed?
Rashi: This is why she was killed.
Vilna Gaon: Even if she will want to come, they will not let her. They did not write that her punishment will be death, for Haman's intent was due to his wife. If they would write that Vashti will be killed, there is no benefit. Haman cannot kill [his wife], for he has no power for this. Also every husband cannot kill his wives for not doing his desire. Rather, she will not come; every husband can do so. Automatically, Vashti will be killed, for since she cannot come, the king has no use for her 1 .
Malbim: People should not say that she did not want to come, and the king could not force her. Rather, he will rule that she may not come. People will say that later she wanted to fix her misdeed, but she could not.
Even if the king has no use for her, why she should be killed? Perhaps considering herself to be the heir of kingship is like rebellion. (PF)
Why does it say "Malchusah"?
Vilna Gaon: She is not esteemed, only her kingship. It makes no difference whom the king marries - she will be queen.
What is the significance of "Re'usah"?
Vilna Gaon: One who has lineage like her.
How will her replacement be better than her?
Vilna Gaon: She will be more beautiful 1 .
Malbim: (a) Achashverosh will not seek a woman based on lineage of her fathers. She herself will be better than Vashti. (b) He need not fear lest the second rebel, for she will learn from Vashti and fear to do so, lest the same happen to her. "Ha'Tovah Mimenah" - from (due to) Vashti, the latter will be chastised, and be good.
This can even be like the opinion (15a) that Vashti was one of the four most beautiful women ever (and the others were not in her generation). Perhaps all agree that initially Esther was more beautiful, just some say that due to the pain of being taken to Achashverosh, she turned green (Vilna Gaon 2:15). Alternatively, Memuchan did not know that Vashti is the most beautiful of her generation! (PF)
