1)

What is the meaning of "u'Fneihem v'Chanfeihem Perudos mil'Ma'alah"?

1.

Rashi: The Ta'am on "u'Fneihem" is Zakef Gadol; this teaches that it is not connected to what comes after 1 . [The Chayos] have faces, and their wings are separated above from their faces, and cover them.

2.

Radak: The Ta'am on "u'Fneihem" shows that it is not connected to what comes after. Their faces were like was taught; their wings were separated from their bodies, and spread above to fly.

3.

Malbim: Even though below, each Chayah was one body without separation, above, by the faces and their wings stuck in back of all their faces, they separated to four ends. Below the wings they joined to be one body.

4.

Malbim (according to the metaphor): One special Midah overpowered in each Chayah - this is its primary face. E.g. on the right, Pnei Arye was primary; it goes in front. Even so, each of the other three heads was recognized by itself. Even though it acts via Chesed, and Gevurah and mercy in Chesed are drawn after it, each power was recognized by itself. Pnei Arye does Chesed with the power of Chesed; Pnei Shor does Chesed with the power of Gevurah? Also the Sarim above and the kingdoms below, when one king rules over the world, also the other heads are recognized by themselves. E.g. when Bavel ruled, also Madai u'Faras, Yavan and Edom were kingdoms by themselves, just Bavel headed the conduct.


1

Rashi: Also "v'Gabeihen" (18), the note teaches that it is not connected to what comes after.

2)

Why does it say "l'Ish Shetayim Choveros Ish"?

1.

Rashi: For each face, two wings connect to each one. The wings of this Chayah are spread towards the wing of this Chayah, and they cover the face in between.

2.

Malbim: This explains why there were four wings. Each Chayah had two wings to fly; they were connected to each other on the side where they were fixed in the body. Connection hints that they fly to one purpose, that their Maker commanded. Refer to 1:11:3:2.

3)

Why does it say "u'Shetayim Mechasos"?

1.

Rashi: The two remaining wings cover their bodies.

2.

Malbim: Two were not connected to each other at their root; they were to cover their bodies. Each had its own root; they covered the body from top to bottom, from all sides. Disconnection shows two separate matters. (a) Concealment of their essence. Sechel tied to physicality cannot grasp Sechel without connection to physicality. (b) Concealment of the light influenced on them from above.

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