(Mishnah): If a band of soldiers entered a city; in a time of peace, the open barrels are prohibited and the sealed barrels are permitted.

In a time of war, both are permitted as there is no time for them to perform libations (to their idol).

(Gemara): At a time of Shmad (the gentiles' intentional destruction of the religion, where people are forcibly required to break the Torah), all barrels are prohibited, as it is impossible that there wasn't at least one Jew who served it against his will.

This shows that an idol of a Jew can never be annulled.

(R. Yosi): This shows that an idol that was served by a Jew against his will can never be annulled.

(R. Yochanan): (In the Mishnah's case of a band of soldiers, that if they came at a time of peace, the open barrels are prohibited, that is only when it is not a time of Shmad; otherwise) if it was a time of Shmad, it could be that some of the soldiers were Jewish and there is a double doubt - perhaps a soldier touched the wine and even if he did, perhaps he was Jewish - therefore, the wine is permitted.

(R. Zeira): (Disagrees...) Even at a time of Shmad, they are still prohibited. If a Jewish soldier would have touched the wine, he would have informed the owner and if he had seen a gentile soldier touching it, he would not have needed to inform the owner, as the owner would anyway assume it to be prohibited.

(R. Ami citing R. Yochanan): The case of a band of soldiers in the Mishnah applies to both the cases of war (when they are enemy soldiers) and peace (when they are soldiers of that country). There was once a gentile who was fleeing from a snake and he fell into a vat of wine. The case came before the Rabbis, who ruled that the wine was permitted, since the gentile did not have time to make it Yayin Nesech because he was fleeing from the snake.

(Mishnah): If an idolater sent Jewish workers Yayin Nesech as payment, they may say to him, "Give us its monetary value". But once they have taken possession of it, they may not do this.

(Gemara) Question: Why can they say "Give us its monetary value" - isn't it then considered like payment for selling Yayin Nesech to an idolater; so why is the money permitted?

Answer (Baraisa of Bar Kapara): The case is when the employer sends the wine as payment to the workers' homes, (saying that they can either accept is as payment or refuse it and accept money instead.)