[64a - 33 lines; 64b - 39 lines]
1)[line 1]אפכיתו ליה לדינא עילויהAFCHISU LEI L'DINA ILAVEI?- [Just because Rav Zevid is a great and humble person who will not complain,] you turn around the Halachah [to his detriment]?
2)[line 5]ומשהינן לה תריסר ירחי שתאU'MASH'HINAN LAH TREISAR YARCHEI SHATA- and we wait for her [to retract her actions] for twelve months
3)[line 5]ומשהינן לה תריסר ירחי שתאU'MASH'HINAN LAH TREISAR YARCHEI SHATA- (a) and we only delay divorcing a rebellious wife for 12 months (all that time applying the penalty listed in the Mishnah), and no longer. (RASHI); (b) instead of divorcing a rebellious wife immediately after four weeks (after which she loses her entire Kesuvah, as Raboseinu said on 63b), we tell the husband that he must wait until the end of 12 months to divorce his wife (ROSH and other Rishonim - see Insights).
4)[line 8]אגרת מרדIGERES MERED- a document detailing a wife's or a husband's refusal of duties
5)[line 18]זיל לא מפקדתZIL! LO MIFKEDAS- Go! You are not commanded [to have children]
6a)[line 20]חוטרא לידאCHUTRA L'YADA- a cane for my hand (i.e. a son to lean on when I get old)
b)[line 20]ומרה לקבורהU'MARA L'KEVURAH- and a hoe for burial
7)[line 24]כיון דאגידא ביKEIVAN D'AGIDA BI- since she is [somewhat] connected to me
8)[line 27]מצות יבום קודמתMITZVAS YIBUM KODEMES L'MITZVAS CHALITZAH
(a)According to the Torah law, when a married man dies childless, Yibum is preferable to Chalitzah. Only if his brother does not want to perform Yibum does the Torah command that the ceremony of Chalitzah be performed.
(b)However, since many men do not perform the Mitzvah of Yibum for the sake of the Mitzvah alone, but rather because of beauty or honor or the like, the Tana'im argue as to whether it is preferable to do Yibum with ulterior motives or to perform Chalitzah. The Chachamim claim that Yibum is still preferable. According to Aba Shaul, though, if a Yavam performs Yibum for reasons other than for the sake of the Mitzvah, he is dangerously close to violating the prohibition of Giluy Arayos (forbidden relations) by taking his brother's wife when there is no Mitzvah of Yibum. Therefore he maintains that it is preferable to perform Chalitzah.
9)[line 30]אסתיראISTIRA- a silver coin also known as a Sela Medinah (equal to 1/8 of a Sela Tzuri or 1/2 of a Dinar)
10)[line 31]מעיןMA'IN- silver coins (see below, entry #27a)
11)[last line]דמיפחת קא פחיתD'MIFCHAS KA PACHIS- since we are subtracting [from the value of her Kesuvah]
64b----------------------------------------64b
12)[line 5]המשרה את אשתו על ידי שלישHA'MASHREH ES ISHTO AL YEDEI SHALISH- a man who provides for his wife's daily needs through an agent
13)[line 6]קביןKABIN- a measure (see below, entry #27b)
14)[line 8]לאדוםL'EDOM- to the land of Edom, southeast of the Dead Sea
15)[line 10]גרוגרותGEROGEROS- dried figs
16)[line 10]מנה דבילהMANEH DEVEILAH- pressed figs [cut from a rounded cake of pressed figs] weighing one Maneh, approximately 425 grams (13.66 oz.)
17)[line 12]מפץMAPATZ- a mat woven from reeds
18)[line 12]ומחצלתU'MACHATZELES- and a mat; (a Mapatz is softer than a Machatzeles)
19)[line 12]כפה לראשהKIPAH L'ROSHAH- a kerchief for her head
20)[line 12]וחגור למתניהV'CHAGOR L'MASNEHA- and a belt for her waist
21)[line 13]ומנעלים ממועד למועדU'MIN'ALIM MI'MO'ED L'MO'ED- and shoes from Yom Tov to Yom Tov, i.e. a new pair of shoes each for Pesach, Shavuos, and Sukos
22)[line 13]וכלים של חמשים זוזV'KELIM SHEL CHAMISHIM ZUZ- and clothes that cost 50 Zuzim (this refers to Zuzei Medina, which are worth 1/8 of the Zuzim, or Dinerin of Tzor)
23)[line 14]שחקיםSHECHAKIM- worn out, thin (but not torn) garments
24)[line 15]בבלאותיהןB'BELA'OSEIHEN- in her winter clothes in their worn condition
25a)[line 18]שתיSHESI- spun warp thread, the longitudinal thread of the loom (which is thinner and harder to make than the woof thread)
b)[line 19]ערבEREV- spun woof thread, the latitudinal thread
26)[line 22]וכמה שיעורוV'CHAMAH SHI'URO? (ERUVEI TECHUMIN)
(a)A person is allowed to walk only a distance of 2000 Amos, approximately 960 meters (3147 feet) or 1,152 meters (3774 feet), depending upon the differing Halachic opinions, from his city or dwelling place (if he is not in a city) on Shabbos or Yom Tov. This distance is called the Techum Shabbos (the Shabbos boundary). If he wants to walk another 2000 Amos, he must make an Eruv Techumin.
(b)This is accomplished by placing an amount of food that would be used for two meals nearly 2000 Amos away from his present location, in the direction in which he wishes to walk. The location where his food is placed is considered his new dwelling or place of Shevisah for that Shabbos or Yom Tov, and he may walk 2000 Amos in any direction from there.
(c)The food used for an Eruv Techumin may even be food that the person himself may not eat, such as wine for a Nazir and Terumah for a non-Kohen. RASHI (Eruvin 26b) and TOSFOS (Pesachim 23a, DH Me'arvin) explain that even though it is unfit for this person, it is still useful as the "food" for an Eruv Techumin, since it can be eaten by someone else. (RASHI to Pesachim ibid., DH Me'arvin, explains that the food is edible to the person himself, since a Nazir can annul his vow of Nezirus, and the person who declared the produce Terumah may also repeal his declaration.)
27a)[line 24]בפונדיוןB'FUNDYON (CURRENCY OF THE TALMUD)
(a)The relationship between the various coins mentioned in the Talmud is as follows:
1.1 Sela = 2 Shekel
2.1 Shekel = 2 Dinar
3.1 Dinar = 6 Me'ah
4.1 Rova Shekel (or Sela Medinah) = 3 Me'ah
5.1 Me'ah = 2 Pundeyon
6.1 Pundeyon = 2 Isar
7.1 Isar = 8 Perutah (or sometimes 6 Perutah - see Kidushin 12a)
(b)Another name for a Dinar is a Zuz. All of the coins listed above are silver, except for the Perutos, which are copper.
b)[line 36]סאיןSE'IN (DRY MEASURES(
(a)The following is a list of measures of volume used in the Mishnah and Gemara:
1.1 Kor (= 1 Chomer) = 30 Se'in
2.1 Lesech = 15 Se'in
3.1 Eifah = 3 Se'in
4.1 Se'ah = 6 Kabin
5.1 Tarkav (= Trei v'Kav, or 3 Kabin) = 12 Lugin
6.1 Kav = 4 Lugin
7.1 Log (= 1 Rova) = 4 Revi'iyos = 6 Beitzim
8.1 Beitzah = 2 or 3 k'Zeisim, according to the varying opinions
(b)In modern-day measures, the k'Zayis is approximately 0.025, 0.0288 or 0.05 liters, depending upon the differing Halachic opinions. Thus, 1 Se'ah = 7.2, 8.29 or 14.4 liters, according to the various opinions.
c)[line 24]ככר הלקוח בפונדיון מארבע סאין לסלעKIKAR HA'LAKU'ACH B'FUNDEYON, ME'ARBA SE'IN L'SELA - (according to the original assumption of the Gemara) a loaf of bread which costs a Pundeyon when four Se'ah cost a Sela.
(a)The size of a loaf that costs one Pundeyon can be calculated as follows:
1.4 Se'ah cost 1 Sela (= 4 Dinar)
2.1 Se'ah (= 6 Kav) costs 1 Dinar (12 Pundeyon)
3.1 half-Kav costs 1 Pundeyon
28)[line 25]שתי ידות לככר משלש ככרות לקבSHTEI YADOS L'KIKAR, MI'SHALOSH KIKAROS L'KAV - two thirds of a loaf [of wheat bread], where three loaves comprise a Kav
(a)The size the loaf referred to in this Mishnah can be calculated as follows:
1.1 loaf of bread = 1/3 Kav
2.2/3 loaf of bread = 2/9 Kav
29)[line 25]לבית המנוגעBAYIS HA'MENUGA
(a)For a detailed description of how a house becomes a Bayis ha'Menuga (a house that has Tzara'as), see Background to Yevamos 17:21.
(b)When a person is a Metzora, he is Metamei the objects in the house that he is in. Similarly, a house that is declared a Bayis ha'Menuga is Metamei all the objects that are in it. If the stones of this house are brought into another house, they are Metamei the objects in the second house.
(c)Regarding a person who enters a house that has Tzara'as or has a Metzora in it, there are two Pesukim:
1."veha'Ba El ha'Bayis Kol Yemei Hisgir Oso, Yitma Ad ha'Erev." (Vayikra 14:46)
2."veha'Shochev ba'Bayis Yechabes Es Begadav, veha'Ochel ba'Bayis Yechabes Es Begadav." (ibid. 14:47)
(d)From the first verse we learn that any person (or thing) that comes into the house becomes Tamei. The clothes that he is wearing, however, do not become Tamei. From the second verse we learn that if someone lingers in the house for the amount of time it takes to eat a Pras (half of a loaf of wheat bread) dipped in relish, while he is reclining, then even the clothes that he is wearing become Tamei.
(e)The RASH (Kelim 1:4) lists four differences between the Tum'ah of the Ohel of a Mes and the Tum'ah of a house that has Tzara'as or that has a Metzora (or an article of clothing or a stone from a house that has Tzara'as) inside of it:
1.In an Ohel ha'Mes, a person becomes Tamei even if only a bit of his body enters. In a house that has Tzara'as or has a Metzora inside it, a person becomes Tamei only when most of his body enters the house.
2.In an Ohel ha'Mes, even when entering backwards, a person becomes Tamei when only a bit of his body enters the house. In a house that has Tzara'as or that has a Metzora inside it a person becomes Tamei when entering backwards only when his entire body enters.
3.In an Ohel ha'Mes, a Mechitzah (partition) only prevents the spread of Tum'ah if it reaches the ceiling. In a house that has Tzara'as or that has a Metzora inside it, a Mechitzah of ten Tefachim in height (or even a ditch of ten Tefachim in depth) is enough to prevent the spread of Tum'ah.
4.In an Ohel ha'Mes, the house or room becomes Tamei even if the Mes is passing through it and does not stop moving. In a house that has a Metzora (or an article that has Tzara'as, as mentioned above) inside it, the people in the house become Tamei only if the Metzora stops passing through and is stationary. (TOSFOS here, DH Kivan, maintains that the people in the house do become Tamei even if the Metzora is just passing through it. However, if a Metzora or an article with Tzara'as passes under an unenclosed tree or canopy, the people under the tree or canopy do not become Tamei unless the Metzora or article with Tzara'as stops and is stationary.)
30)[line 26]לפסול את הגוייהLIFSOL ES HA'GEVIYAH
The Chachamim decreed that a person who eats a half-Pras (2 Beitzim) of food that is Tamei may not eat Terumah. He makes Terumah become Pasul if he touches it.
31)[line 26]לקבל טומאת אוכליןL'KABEL TUM'AS OCHLIN
(a)All foods become Tamei if they touch a source of Tum'ah, but only after they first become wet. From then on, even after they dry, they can still become Tamei.
(b)Seven liquids can enable foods to become Tamei: water, dew, oil, wine, milk, blood, and honey.
(c)The minimum amount of food that can become Tamei is a k'Beitzah.
32)[line 28]אייתי תילתא שדי עלייהוAISI TILSA, SHADI ALAIHU- take a third [of the ensuing total], and add it to them (the eight meals)
33)[line 30]תליסרTELEISAR- thirteen
34)[line 32]באתרא דיהבי ציביB'ASRA D'YAHAVEI TZIVEI- in a place where the customers provide the storekeepers with the small pieces of wood necessary for baking
35)[line 33]שיתסריSHITSERI- sixteen
36)[line 34]לארחי ופרחיL'ORCHEI U'FARCHEI- to guests and passersby