Mishnah 1
1)
(a)Which takes precedence ...
1. ... Temidim or Musafin?
2. ... Musfei Shabbos or Musfei Rosh Chodesh?
3. ... Musfei Rosh Chodesh or Musfei Rosh ha'Shanah?
(b)On which principle are these rulings based?
(c)What does the Mishnah learn from the Pasuk in Pinchas "Mil'vad Olas ha'Boker asher le'Olas ha'Tamid Ta'asu es Eileh"?
(d)What does "Eileh" refer to?
(e)Given that "Mil'vad Olas ha'Boker" implies that the Olas ha'Boker precedes the Musaf, how does the Tana learn it from there?
1)
(a)Temidim take precedence ...
1. ... over Musafin ...
2. ... Musfei Shabbos over Musfei Rosh Chodesh ...
3. ... Musfei Rosh Chodesh over Musfei Rosh ha'Shanah ...
(b)... based on the principle - 'Kol ha'Tadir me'Chavero, Kodem es Chavero' ('Something that is more common takes precedence over something that is less common') ...
(c)... which the Tana learns from the Pasuk in Pinchas "Mil'vad Olas ha'Boker asher le'Olas ha'Tamid Ta'asu es Eileh".
(d)"Eileh" refers to - the Korban Musaf of all the Yamim Tovim.
(e)Given that "Mil'vad Olas ha'Boker" implies that the Olas ha'Boker precedes the Musaf, the Tana learns from "asher le'Olas ha'Tamid", which is otherwise superfluous, that - the reason that it does is because it is 'Tamid' (more common).
Mishnah 2
2)
(a)Which takes precedence ...
1. ... the blood of an Olah of the blood of a Chatas (See Tosfos Yom Tov)?
2. ... the limbs of an Olah or the limbs of a Chatas?
(b)On which principle are these rulings based?
(c)What makes ...
1. ... the blood of a Chatas more Kodesh than that of an Olah?
2. ... the limbs of an Olah more Kodesh than those of a Chatas?
2)
(a)The blood of a Chatas takes precedence ...
1. ... over the blood of an Olah (See Tosfos Yom Tov), whereas ...
2. ... the limbs of an Olah take precedence over the limbs of a Chatas.
(b)These rulings are based on the principle - 'Kol ha'Mekudash me'Chavero Kodem es Chavero' ('Something that is more holy takes precedence over something that is less holy').
(c)What makes ...
1. ... the blood of a Chatas more Kodesh than that of an Olah is the fact that - it atones for a sin for which one is Chayav Kareis.
2. ... the limbs of an Olah more Kodesh than those of a Chatas is the fact that - it is all burned.
3)
(a)By the same token, what gives precedence to ...
1. ... a Chatas over an Asham (besides the fact that its blood is sprinkled on all four corners of the Mizbe'ach, whereas that of an Asham is sprinkled only to two [See also Tosfos Yom Tov])?
2. ... an Asham over a Todah and the ram of a Nazir?
3. ... a Todah and the ram of a Nazir over a Shelamim?
(b)And by the same token again, what does a Shelamim require (in addition to Semichah [leaning one's hands on it] and Tenufah [waving the chest and the right calf] that gives it precedence over a B'chor?
3)
(a)By the same token, what gives precedence to ...
1. ... a Chatas over an Asham (besides the fact that its blood is sprinkled on all four corners of the Mizbe'ach, whereas that of an Asham is sprinkled only to two [See also Tosfos Yom Tov]) is the fact that - the Shirayim (the leftover blood) is poured on to the Y'sod (which we do not find by an Asham [See Tosfos Yom Tov]).
2. ... an Asham over a Todah and the ram of a Nazir is the fact that - it is Kodesh Kodshim (whereas a Todah is only Kodshim Kalim [See Tosfos Yom Tov]).
3. ... a Todah and the ram of a Nazir over a Shelamim is - the fact a. it can be eaten only for one day (like Kodshei Kodshim [whereas a Shelamim can be eaten for two]).
(b)And by the same token again, a Shelamim requires - sprinkling its blood on all four sides of the Mizbe'ach (as opposed to one Matanah) Semichah (leaning one's hands on it) and Tenufah [waving the chest and the right calf]) that gives it precedence over a B'chor.
Mishnah 3
4)
(a)In which way is a B'chor more Kadosh than Ma'aser Beheimah, (besides the fact that it is Kadosh from birth)?
(b)What does the Tana mean when he gives precedence to Ma'aser Beheimah over a Chatas ha'Of because it is a Zevach?
(c)Another reason for this is because its blood and its Emurin are Kodesh Kodshim. What gives that the edge, seeing as the bird is entirely Kodshei Kodshim?
(d)Then why does it take precedence over an Olas ha'Of, which goes entirely on the Mizbe'ach?
4)
(a)A B'chor is more Kadosh than Ma'aser Beheimah, (besides the fact that it is Kadosh from birth) in that - it is eaten by Kohanim, whereas Ma'aser Beheimah is eaten by the owner.
(b)When the Tana gives precedence to Ma'aser Beheimah over a Chatas ha'Of because it is a Zevach, he means that - it is Shechted with a knife (a K'li Shareis [See also Tosfos Yom Tov]), whereas a bird is 'Shechted' with the Kohen's thumbnail (Melikah).
(c)Another reason for this is because its blood and its Emurin are Kodesh Kodshim - whereas it is only the blood of a Chatas ha'Of that is brought on the Mizbe'ach.
(d)And it also takes precedence over an Olas ha'Of - from a Kal va'Chomer, seeing as a Chatas ha'Of takes precedence over an Olas ha'Of (as we will now see).
Mishnah 4
5)
(a)On what basis do birds take precedence over Menachos?
(b)And why does a Minchas Chotei take precedence over a Minchas Nedavah?
(c)What do we learn from the Pasuk in Vayikra "ve'Hikriv es asher la'Chatas Rishonah"?
(d)What does the Mishnah therefore say about someone who needs to declare his pair of birds Hekdesh?
5)
(a)Birds take precedence over Menachos - because they are 'Miynei Damim' (their blood is placed on the Mizbe'ach [See Tiferes Yisrael]).
(b)And a Minchas Chotei takes precedence over a Minchas Nedavah - because it comes to atone for a sin.
(c)We learn from the Pasuk in Vayikra (in connection with an Olas ha'Of and a Chatas ha'Of) "ve'Hikriv es asher la'Chatas Rishonah" - (which is a Binyan Av) that a Chatas always precedes an Olah (even with regard to birds [See Tosfos Yom Tov]).
(d)Likewise, says the Mishnah, someone who needs to declare his pair of birds Hekdesh - should begin with the Chatas.
Mishnah 5
6)
(a)The sole exception to what we learned earlier that a Chatas precedes an Asham, is an Asham Metzora. Why is that?
(b)What do we learn from the Pasuk in Vayikra (in connection with the Asham Me'ilos) "be'Erk'cha Kesef Shekalim"?
(c)What else do four of the six Ashamos have in common?
6)
(a)The sole exception to what we learned earlier that a Chatas precedes an Asham, is an Asham Metzora - because it permits the Metzora to eat Kodshim and to enter the Beis-ha'Mikdash.
(b)We learn from the Pasuk in Vayikra (in connection with the Asham Me'ilos) "be'Erk'cha Kesef Shekalim" that - it must cost at least two Shekalim (four Dinrim).
(c)In addition - four of the six Ashamos are brought as rams (in their second year).
7)
(a)We learn Asham Taluy and Asham Gezeilos from a Gezeirah Shavah "be'Erk'cha" "be'Erk'cha" from Asham Me'ilos. From which Gezeirah Shavah do we learn Asham Shifchah Charufah?
(b)Which two Ashamos are not included in these two rulings?
(c)What is the Din there?
7)
(a)We learn Asham Taluy and Asham Gezeilos from a Gezeirah Shavah "be'Erk'cha" "be'Erk'cha" from Asham Me'ilos, and Asham Shifchah Charufah from - "Ayil" "Ayil" from Asham Me'ilos.
(b)The two Ashamos that are not included in these two rulings are - an Asham Nazir and an Asham Metzora ...
(c)... which are brought as lambs (in their first year) and do not need to be worth two Shekalim.
Mishnah 6
8)
(a)Besides taking precedence over one another with regard to the order of sacrificing, in which other regard do all the Korbanos that are eaten (such as Chatas, Asham, Todah and Shelamim) take the same order of precedence over each other?
(b)Which should be eaten first if one has a Shelamim that was brought yesterday and ...
1. ... a Shelamim that was brought today?
2. ... a Chatas or Asham that was brought today, according to Rebbi Meir?
(c)On what grounds do the Chachamim disagree with him?
(d)Like whom is the Halachah?
8)
(a)Besides taking precedence over one another with regard to the order of sacrificing, all the Korbanos that are eaten (such as Chatas, Asham, Todah and Shelamim) must take the same order of precedence over each other - as regards eating.
(b)If one has a Shelamim that was brought yesterday (See Tosfos Yom Tov) and ...
1. ... a Shelamim that was brought today - the former should be eaten first, and the same applies if there is also ...
2. ... a Chatas or Asham that was brought today, according to Rebbi Meir (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
(c)The Chachamim disagree with him - because they maintain that Kodshei Kodshim always take precedence.
(d)The Halachah is - like the Chachamim.
9)
(a)We learned earlier that the blood of a Chatas takes precedence over the blood of an Olah because it is more Mekudash than it. Why might the blood of the Korban Tamid nevertheless take precedence over that of a Chatas?
(b)What conclusion does the Gemara arrive at?
(c)Which probably takes precedence?
9)
(a)We learned earlier that the blood of a Chatas takes precedence over the blood of an Olah because it is more Mekudash than it. The blood of the Korban Tamid might nevertheless take precedence over that of a Chatas - because it is more Tadir.
(b)The Gemara - remains undecided what the Din is when Tadir and Mekudash clash.
(c)Probably - the Tamid takes precedence (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
Mishnah 7
10)
(a)What does the Mishnah learn from the word "le'Moshchah" (in the Pasuk in Korach, in connection with the Matnos Kehunah "L'cha Nesatim le'Moshchah"), which means 'for greatness?
(b)What are the ramifications of that statement?
(c)The Kohanim are also permitted to add spices of Chulin, and according to Rebbi Shimon, even spices of Terumah. On what grounds does Rebbi Meir object?
10)
(a)The Mishnah learns from the the word "le'Moshchah" (in the Pasuk in Korach, in connection with the Matnos Kehunah "L'cha Nesatim le'Moshchah"), which means 'for greatness - that the Kohanim are permitted to eat their Kodshim as they see fit, like kings ...
(b)... roasted, well cooked or just cooked (See also Tosfos Yom Tov DH 'Resha'in Leshanos ... ').
(c)The Kohanim are also permitted to add spices of Chulin, and according to Rebbi Shimon (See Tosfos Yom Tov), even spices of Terumah. Rebbi Meir objects however - because in the event that the Kodshim becomes Nosar, the spices too, will be forbidden (and it is not permitted to waste Terumah [See Tosfos Yom Tov]).
Mishnah 8
11)
(a)Rebbi Shimon maintains that if one sees the Kohanim distributing olive oil in the Azarah, one of the two things it might be is the leftovers from the wafers of a Minchas Yisrael. What is the other?
(b)Which Minchah is the former referring to?
(c)The oil cannot be leftovers from the Chalos, since all the oil is mixed in the Minchah. Why can it then be the leftovers from the wafers of a Minchas Yisrael.
11)
(a)Rebbi Shimon maintains that if one sees the Kohanim distributing olive oil in the Azarah, one of the two things it might be is the leftovers from the wafers of a Minchas Yisrael, the other - is the Log of oil of a Metzora (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
(b)The former is referring to - the Minchas Ma'afeh Tanur (the Minchah that is baked in an oven).
(c)The oil cannot be leftovers from the Chalos, since all the oil is mixed in the Minchah. It can however, be the leftovers from the wafers of a Minchas Yisrael - since they only smeared part of the oil on it (like a 'Greek Chi'), leaving most of the oil intact.
12)
(a)In similar vein, Rebbi Shimon says, if one sees olive-oil placed on the Mizb'ach, one of the two things it might be is the leftovers from the wafers of a Minchas Kohen (which is completely burned). What else might it be?
(b)Why, according to him, can it not be oil of a Nedavah (that that has been donated)?
(c)What does Rebbi Tarfon say?
12)
(a)In similar vein, Rebbi Shimon says, if one sees olive-oil placed on the Mizb'ach, one of the two things it might be is the leftovers from the leftovers from the wafers of a Minchas Kohen (which is completely burned), the other is - the leftovers (See Tosfos Yom Tov DH 've'Log Shemen ... ') of the Minchas Chavitin of the Kohen Gadol.
(b)According to Rebbi Shimon, it cannot be oil of a Nedavah (that has been donated) - because in his opinion, there is no such thing as Shemen Nedavah.
(c)Rebbi Tarfon holds - that olive-oil can be donated on its own (See Tiferes Yisrael).
13)
(a)What is the minimum amount of oil that one is permitted to donate, according to Rebbi Tarfon?
(b)What do the Kohanim do with it?
(c)Like whom is the Halachah?
13)
(a)The minimum amount of oil that one is permitted to donate, according to Rebbi Tarfon, is - one Log (six egg-volumes) ...
(b)... which the Kohanim burn on the Mizbe'ach (See Tosfos Yom Tov & Tiferes Yisrael).
(c)The Halachah is - like Rebbi Tarfon.
14)
(a)One is also permitted to donate wine on its own. What is the minimum amount?
(b)What do the Kohanim do with it?
(c)Why is there no problem with the La'av of "Lo Sichbeh" (the prohibition of extinguishing the fire on the Ma'arachah?
(d)Why is it not a case of 'P'sik Reisha'?
14)
(a)One is also permitted to donate wine - (a minimum of three Lugin) on its own.
(b)Like the oil, the Kohanim - sprinkle it on the fire of the Ma'arachah, where it is burned (See Tosfos Yom Tov, end of the Mishnah).
(c)There is no problem with the La'av of "Lo Sichbeh" (the prohibition of extinguishing the fire on the Ma'arachah - since they have no intention of doing so, and we rule like Rebbi Shimon, that 'Davar she'Ein Miskaven' is permitted'.
(d)Nor is it a case of 'P'sik Reisha' (inevitable) - because if the fire on the Mizbe'ach is very strong, it is the fire that will burn up the wine, and not the wine that will put out the fire.
