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Temurah Chart #5

Temurah Daf 21a-24b

WHEN IS AN UNUSED KORBAN CHATAS LEFT TO GRAZE(1),
AND WHEN IS IT PUT TO DEATH?(2)(3)
  (A)
NO CHATAS WAS OFFERED YET		 (B)
IT WAS FOUND BEFORE ANY CHATAS WAS OFFERED		 (C)
IT WAS FOUND AFTER ANOTHERCHATAS WAS OFFERED IN ITS PLACE
1) IT WAS DESIGNATED AS "ACHRAYUS" Ro'ah Ro'ah Ro'ah
2) IT WAS STOLEN(4) Ro'ah Ro'ah Ro'ah
3) IT WAS LOST AT *NIGHT*(5) Ro'ah Ro'ah Mesah
4a) IT WAS LOST DURING DAYTIME, ACCORDING TO CHACHAMIM Ro'ah Mesah(6) Mesah
4b) IT WAS LOST DURING DAYTIME,
ACCORDING TO REBBI		 Ro'ah Rebbi Aba: regardless of which Chatas is offered, the other one is Mesah.
av Huna(7): same as Chachamim (row 4a). 		Mesah(8)
5) IT BECAME ONE YEAR OLD BEFORE BEING BROUGHT Ro'ah Reish Lakish: Ro'ah
Rava: Mesah(9)		 Mesah
6) IT WAS REJECTED (DECHUYAH) IN A MANNER SIMILAR TO SA'IR HA'MISHTALE'ACH Ro'ah(10) Mesah Mesah
7) IT WAS LOST AND THEN FOUND WITH A MUM Ro'ah(14) Rashi: According to Rashi, Rebbi Aba and Rav Huna argue as follows(11):
Rebbi Aba: Mesah, even if the lost one was offered as the Chatas
Rav Huna: even the Chachamim will agree that it is preferable to offer the one that was *not* lost Tosfos(12): same as 4a-b(B) 		Mesah
8) IT WAS LOST AND THEN FOUND AFTER IT BECAME ONE YEAR OLD Ro'ah Reish Lakish(13): same as 7(B)
Rava: Mesah 		Mesah
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FOOTNOTES:
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 (1) In any case in which an animal designated as a Chatas must be left to graze ("Ro'ah"), in the corresponding case of money that was designated to purchase a Chatas is used to buy Nidvos Tzibur.
(2) In any case in which an animal is put to death ("Mesah"), in the corresponding case of money that was designated to purchase a Chatas must be destroyed (thrown into Yam ha'Melach).
(3) There are dissenting opinions: Rebbi Shimon maintains that when an *animal* is left after the owner has brought another animal as his Chatas (that is, columns B and C), it is *always* put to death (24a). Rebbi Shimon agrees (23b) that when *money* designated for a Chatas is left after the owner has brought another animal (purchased with other money) as his Chatas, the laws are the same as detailed in the chart above.
Rebbi Yosi argues and maintains that if the second animal was made a Chatas *after* the first was already designated as a Chatas, then the second animal is put to death (Mesah) in *all* of the above cases (24a), according to Rashi's understanding of Rebbi Yosi (DH Rav Savar), because the primary Mitzvah is to offer the first one that was designated. If both animals were designated as a Chatas and its Achrayus *at once*, then even Rebbi Yosi agrees that all of the above laws apply.
(4) Gemara 22b.
(5) It depends entirely on when it was lost, even if it was found after daybreak (22b).
(6) The Chachamim hold that it is put to death only if the Chatas that was *not* lost is offered. If, however, the lost Chatas is found and offered, then the second one is left to graze. Rav Huna adds that if the owner, on his own accord, chose to offer the lost one without consulting Beis Din, then the other animal is put to death.
(7) According to Rav Huna, the argument between Rebbi and the Chachamim is what Beis Din is to advise the owner of the lost Chatas if he asks them what to do (and the animal that was not lost is a more valuable animal then the one that was lost). The Chachamim assert that Beis Din advises him to offer the lost one, while Rebbi maintains that they are to advise him to bring the more valuable one (the one that was not loat), and let the lost one die.
(8) This is clear from Tosfos (21b, DH Velad). We do not find that Rashi argues.
(9) This is the way Rashi (22a) explains. Tosfos (22a DH Amar Lecha) explains that even according to Rava it is considered as though it was lost, and thus it is Ro'ah. The Vilna Ga'on (#7) explains in the same way.
(10) This is apparent from the fact that the Gemara compares Dechuyah to Avudah, with the exception that Avudah is not killed when found *after* the other Chatas has been offered. The Vilna Ga'on (22a, #3), however, asserts that it is put to death (Mesah) even when found before the other Chatas is offered.
(11) Rashi to 21b, DH Tamus, and 22b, DH v'Achar Kach Nimtzes.
(12) Tosfos to 21b, DH Velad.
(13) This appears to be the opinion of Tosfos here in Temurah. This is clearly the opinion of Tosfos in Me'ilah (10b, DH Velad, and not like the Rashash on 22b).
(14) If, at this stage, both Chata'os have a Mum, then they are both sold and a new animal is purchased with the combined value. Any money that remains is used for a Nidvas Tzibur, even after the newly-purchased (third) Chatas is offered, according to all opinions.

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