1)

(a)The Mishnah discusses a table (see Tiferes Yisrael) and a 'D'lufki' - (a sort of small wooden table (see Tos. Yom-Tov) on which items of food and drink are laid out, and from which they are placed on the table) that break or that have been overlaid with marble.

(b)A K'li that has been overlaid with marble - is Tahor (since marble is not subject to Tum'ah [see also Tos. Yom-Tov]).

(c)According to the Tana Kama, it will be Tamei if sufficient space on the table remains intact and not overlaid, on which to place cups (presumably, two). R. Yehudah maintains - that that space must be large enough to place pieces of bread and meat.

(d)The Halachah is like the Tana Kama.

2)

(a)The Mishnah rules - that a three-legged table (Tos. Yom-Tov) that is missing one or two legs is Tahor, but Tamei if it is missing all three ...

(b)... provided the owner specifically has in mind to continue eating on it (even though it is has no legs), according to the Tana Kama.

(c)In R. Yossi's opinion - the table top does not require Machshavah (since he still intends the table to serve the same function as before).

(d)And the Machlokes, says the Mishnah, extends to D'lufki.

(e)The Halachah - is like the Tana Kama.

3)

(a)The Tana declares a bench with one end (side-sections) broken off, Tahor (see Tos. Yom-Tov). The same will apply if the second end breaks off - unless the bench is one Tefach thick.

(b)Likewise, a Sh'rafraf - (a foot-stool) with one of its ends broken is Tahor.

(c)And the same applies to a foot-stool in front of a Katadra - (a sort of arm-chair).

4)

(a)According to Beis Shamai, a Kallah's chair remains subject to Tum'ah should its 'Chipuyav' - (the arm-rests [see also Tos. Yom-Tov]) break.

(b)Beis Hillel disagree - since it no longer fit for Kallos (the purpose for which it was made [see alsoMishnah Achronah]).

(c)Shamai maintains that even the Malbein of a Kalah's chair - (a square brick-shaped seat that raises the height of the chair) is Tamei.

(d)We can extrapolate from the word 'even' - that the chair without the 'Chipuyin' is certainly subject to Tum'ah.

5)

(a)Beis Shamai and Beis Hillel argue over a seat that one fixes inside a kneading-trough. The difference between the Tum'ah-status of a kneading-dish and that of a trough is - that whereas the former is subject to Tum'as Maga, the latter is subject to Tum'as Medras as well.

(b)Beis Shamai now - declares the seat subject to Tum'as Medras, whilst Beis Hillel confines it to Tum'as Maga (see Tos. Yom-Tov).

(c)Like in the previous Mishnah, Shamai goes one step further than Beis Shamai. He even declares Tamei a seat that one carved out from the trough.

6)

(a)The Mishnah now discusses a chair whose 'Chipuyin' - (the side panels) do not protrude.

(b)The Mishnah now rules that even in a case where the seat breaks - the chair remains Tamei (since it can be turned on its side and continue to be used).

(c)It is necessary to state that the Chipuyin do not protrude (see Tos. Yom-Tov) - because if it did, it would not be possible to turn the chair on its side, and it would be Tahor.

7)

(a)The Mishnah rules that a chair comprising three boards (assuming ...

1. ... the middle is broken) - is Tamei (see Tiferes Yisrael), as is one whose ...

2. ... two outer ones are broken.

(b)R. Shimon qualifies the Tana Kama's ruling - confining it to where the Board is at least one Tefach wide.

8)

(a)If two adjacent boards break, R. Akiva declares the chair, Tamei (see Tiferes Yisrael). According to the Chachamim - it is Tahor (see Tiferes Yisrael) ...

(b)... and this is how we rule.

(c)R. Yehudah holds, in a case where a Kallah's chair a whose arm-rests are broken, but which has a cavity into which one can place things - the chair is nevertheless Tahor ...

(d)Why is that ... since once the major part of a K'li becomes Tahor, the rest of the K'li is Tahor, too.

(e)The Halachah is like R. Yehudah.

9)

(a)The Tana rules - that a box (Shidah [see Tos. Yom-Tov]) whose ...

1. ... top is broken remains Tamei because of the base.

2. ... base is broken remains Tamei because of the top (since it can be turned upside-down).

(b)The Mishnah is referring to a box - that holds less than forty Sa'ah (otherwise it will not be subject to Tum'ah).

10)

(a)Even though both sides of the box are broken, R. Yehudah considers the box to be subject to Tum'ah - because the sides, which bulge, are in the shape of a receptacle.

(b)The Chachamim - declare the box Tahor (see Tiferes Yisrael).

(c)The Halachah - is like the Chachamim.

(d)Finally, the Mishnah rules that if a stone-engraver carves himself a seat out of a stone whilst he works at the other end - that seat is subject to Tamei Medras.

11)

(a)The Mishnah now discusses a Kofes (a large block of wood) on which one has carved pictures or patterns ('Serko').

1. 'Kirk'mo' means - that one painted it with saffron, and ...

2. 'As'o Panim' - that one carved it with a adze and smoothened it with a plane (see also Tos. Yom-Tov).

(b)R. Akiva declares it subject to Tum'as Medras - since it is fit to sit on.

(c)The Chachamim however - declare it Tahor, because they say, at the end of the day, it remains a block of wood ...

(d)... unless one actually carves it into the shape of a chair, in which case, they too, will agree that the Kofes becomes subject to Tum'ah.

12)

(a)The Tana rules that a basket which the owner filled with straw or cotton stuffing and designated for seating - remains Tahor from Tum'as Medras (since nobody uses a basket in this way.

(b)It will become subject to Tum'ah however - if the owner attached rubber or a string netting across its top.

13)

(a)The Mishnah declares an Asla - a metal frame to the top of which one ties a piece of leather with a hole in the middle to use as a toilet (see Tos. Yom-Tov) Tamei Medras and Tamei Meis.

(b)In the event that one removes the latter - it remains Tamei Medras (since it is still fit to sit on [see Tos. Yom-Tov]); whereas the frame, which is fit to be used in other ways - is only Tamei Meis.

(c)Likewise, a 'Traskal' - a small wickerwork basket made of plaited willow twigs (that is used as a table, and) that is covered with a piece of leather is Tamei Medras and Tamei Meis.

(d)The Tana rules that if one removes the leather - it will be Tahor (see Tos. Yom-Tov).

14)

(a)The Mishnah now discusses the various Keilim of a bathhouse. The benches there are made of marble (which is not subject to Tum'ah).

(b)Regular benches there have - two wide legs.

(c)The difference between a bench with two wooden legs and one with one leg of wood and the other, of stone is - that the former are subject to Tum'ah, whereas the latter are Tahor (as if the were both made entirely of stone).

15)

(a)The main purpose of the planks in the bathhouse that have been planed, and that the Chachamim declare Tahor is - to allow the excess water to flow underneath them.

(b)R. Akiva nevertheless declares them Tamei - since people do tend to sit on them.

(c)The Halachah - is like the Chachamim.

16)

(a)The Kankilin in a bathhouse that are made in the form of a receptacle, says the Tana, are subject to Tum'ah. 'Kankilin' - are used to smoke the clothes that are placed inside them by lighting a fire underneath them.

(b)For them to be Tahor - they would have to be made like a beehive (with no top and no base [see also Tos. Yom-Tov]), in which case the clothes that were to be smoked would be draped around them.