Mishnah 1
1)
(a)What does the Tana say about a woman who constantly examines herself?
(b)Then why, with regard to a man, does he say Tikatzetz?
(c)What does the Mishnah advise with regard to a Kohenes who is deaf-mute, a Shotah and a blind woman? What sort of woman are we talking about?
(d)The Tana also inserts in the list one who is Nitr'fah Da'atah. What is the difference between Shotah and Nitr'fah Da'atah?
1)
(a)The Tana declares a woman who constantly examines herself - praiseworthy.
(b)With regard to a man however, he rules Tikatzetz (the hand deserves to be cut off [see Tos. Yom-Tov])- because constant touching on that spot (see Tos. Yom-Tov DH 'u'va'Anashim') will cause him to have an emission (and a man is not obligated to examine himself anyway).
(c)The Mishnah advises a Kohenes who is deaf-mute (see Tos. Yom-Tov), a Shotah or blind - to be examined and subsequently Toveled by her friends in order to eat Terumah.
(d)The Tana also inserts in the list one who is Nitr'fah Da'atah - a woman who went out of her mind through illness (as opposed to a Shotah, who was born a Shotah).
2)
(a)It is the way of women, says the Mishnah, to be Meshamesh with two cloths and of Tzenu'os (who are more careful in these matters) to add a third one. What is the point of ...
1. ... the two cloths?
2. ... the third cloth?
(b)Seeing as all women are obligated to examine themselves before Tashmish, why does the Mishnah mention specifically Tzenu'os? In what way do they differ from other women?
(c)Why is that?
2)
(a)It is the way of women, says the Mishnah, to be Meshamesh with two cloths and of Tzenu'os (who are more careful in these matters) to add a third one. The ...
1. ... two cloths are - for after Tashmish, one for the man (to examine himself) and one for the woman (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
2. ... the third cloth - is for the woman to examine herself before Tashmish.
(b)Even though all women are obligated to examine themselves before Tashmish, the Mishnah mentions specifically Tzenu'os - inasmuch as they use a fresh cloth each time and do not use one that has already been used ...
(c)... because it is stained from the previous Bedikos, and its whiteness dimmed, in which case it is possible that a small blood-stain will not show-up on it. (Note, it is then unclear as to why using a fresh cloth is not obligatory for all women.
Mishnah 2
3)
(a)What happens now if the man discovers blood on his cloth?
(b)For how long is he Tamei?
(c)How will the Din differ in the event that the woman discovers blood on her cloth?
(d)What are the ramifications of Safek Tamei (besides the fact that they are not obligated to bring a Korban Chatas [see Tos. Yom-Tov])?
3)
(a)If the man discovers blood on his cloth - both of them are Tamei Vaday and are Chayav to bring a Korban Chatas (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
(b)The man, like the woman, is Tamei for seven days (like the Din of someone who has relations with a Nidah).
(c)The same Din applies in the event that the woman discovers blood on her cloth - but only if she examined herself immediately after Tashmish (Osyum), but not if she delayed even a short time, (le'Achar Z'man), in which case - they are both Safek Tamei ...
(d)... and, besides the fact that they are not obligated to bring a Korban Chatas [see Tos. Yom-Tov]) - any Terumah that they subsequently touch, is not burned (though it may not be eaten either).
Mishnah 3
4)
(a)What is the exact definition of le'Achar Z'man?
(b)What distinction does the Tana Kama draw between Taharos and the husband regarding Me'eis Le'eis, in the event that the woman waited until then to examine herself?
(c)What does R. Akiva say?
(d)Like whom is the Halachah?
4)
(a)le'Achar Z'man is - the time it takes for the woman to descend from the bed after Tashmish and clean herself (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
(b)In the event that the woman waited until then to examine herself, the Tana Kama rules that - she is Tamei Me'eis Le'eis regarding Taharos, but not regarding her husband (who is only Tamei until nightfall like someone who touches a Nidah (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
(c)R. Akiva - declares them both Tamei for seven days.
(d)The Halachah is - like the Tana Kama.
5)
(a)What is the source of Kesamim (blood-stains that a woman finds on her clothes that render her Tamei)?
(b)What will be the status of a man who performs Tashmish after his wife finds a Kesem on her clothes, according to ...
1. ... R. Akiva?
2. ... the Rabbanan?
(c)Seeing as Kesamim are only mi'de'Rabbanan, why do the Chachamim, who argued with R. Akiva regarding Me'eis Le'eis, concede that he is Tamei here?
5)
(a)Kesamim (blood-stains that a woman finds on her clothes that render her Tamei) - are mi'de'Rabbanan.
(b)A man who performs Tashmish after his wife finds a Kesem on her clothes - is Tamei for seven days, according to both ...
1. ... R. Akiva and ...
2. ... the Tana Kama.
(c)In spite of the fact that Kesamim are only mi'de'Rabbanan, the Tana Kama, who argued with R. Akiva regarding Me'eis Le'eis, concede that he is Tamei here - because he maintain that the Chachamim were stringent by Kesamim, but not by Me'eis Le'eis (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
Mishnah 4
6)
(a)What Chazakah do all women have vis-a-vis their husbands?
(b)What are the ramifications of this statement?
(c)And what does the Mishnah say about a woman vis-a-vis her husband who just arrived home from a long journey?
6)
(a)All woman (see Tos. Yom-Tov) have a Chazakah that - they are Tahor for their husbands.
(b)Consequently - a husband can assume that his wife is Tahor without asking her ...
(c)... even regarding a woman vis-a-vis her husband who just arrived home from a long journey.
7)
(a)On what grounds do Beis Shamai require two Idim for each Tashmish (on the same night)?
(b)What alternative do they offer?
(c)What do Beis Hillel say?
(d)How does she use those two Eidim?
7)
(a)Beis Shamai require two Idim for each Tashmish (on the same night) - in case the Zera of one Tashmish covers the drop of blood that emerged before the Tashmish.
(b)Alternatively - they declare it possible to perform Tashmish by candle-light (see Tos. Yom-Tov), and to inspect the Eid after each Tashmish (see Tos. Yom-Tov DH 'Beis Shamai Omrim').
(c)Beis Hillel - permit her to use the same two Idim throughout the night ...
(d)... one before the first Tashmish, the other, after the last one (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
Mishnah 5
8)
(a)To explain the two possible sources of blood, the Mishnah describes the three sections of the womb as Cheder, P'rozdor and Aliyah. What is the definition of ...
1. ... Cheder?
2. ... P'rozdor?
3. ... Aliyah?
(b)Which of these is the source of Dam Tamei?
(c)What is the status of blood that ...
1. ... drips from the Aliyah?
2. ... is found in the P'rozdor?
8)
(a)To explain the two possible sources of blood, the Mishnah describes the three sections of the womb as ...
1. ... Cheder - the inner section of the actual womb (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
2. ... P'rozdor - the outer section of the womb (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
3. ... Aliyah - the section above the womb from which blood sometimes drips (as we will now explain).
(b)The source of Dam Tamei is - the Cheder.
(c)Blood that ...
1. ... drips from the Aliyah is - Tahor (see Tos. Yom-Tov later in the Mishnah DH 'she'Chezkaso ... ').
2. ... is found in the P'rozdor is - Tamei (as we will now explain).
9)
(a)What is the Lul?
(b)What does the Tana mean when he writes she'Chezkaso min ha'Mekor'?
(c)On what condition does the Mishnah say this?
(d)What will the Din then be if the blood is found in the outer section of the P'rozdor (from the Lul and outwards)?
9)
(a)The Lul is - the hole between the Aliyah and the middle of the P'rozdor via which the blood drips from the Aliyah into the P'rozdor.
(b)When the Tana writes 'she'Chezkaso min ha'Mekor', he means that - we assume that the blood came from the Cheder and the woman is Vaday Tamei (to burn even Terumah which it touches).
(c)However, this only applies - if the blood is found in the section of the P'rozdor (from the Lul and inwards).
(d)But if the blood is found in the outer section of the P'rozdor (from the Lul and outwards) - then the woman is only Safek Tamei (and one may not burn Terumah that it touches).
Mishnah 6
10)
(a)How many different kinds (colors) of blood does the Mishnah list as Tamei?
(b)The first three are red, black and ke'Keren Karkom. What is Keren Karkom?
(c)The last two are ke'Meimei Adamah and Mazug. What is the definition of Mazug?
10)
(a)The Mishnah lists as Tamei - five different kinds (colors) of blood.
(b)The first three are red, black and ke'Keren Karkom - the sheen of a crocus.
(c)The last two are ke'Meimei Adamah and Mazug - red wine that has been diluted in water).
11)
(a)How do we learn this from the Pesukim in Tazri'a "ve'Hi Gilsah es M'kor Damehah" and "ve'Taharah mi'Mekor Damehah"?
(b)But that makes only four! From where do we learn the fifth one?
(c)Beis Shamai adds two more to the list (see Tos- Yom-Tov). One of them is ke'Meimei Tilsan (fenugrek). What is the other?
(d)What do Beis Hillel say about them?
11)
(a)We learn this from the Pesukim in Tazri'a "ve'Hi Gilsah es M'kor Damehah" and "ve'Taharah mi'Mekor Damehah" - since each "Damehah" is written in the plural (implying two).
(b)But that makes only four! The fifth one is - black, which was originally red but that subsequently turned black.
(c)Beis Shamai adds to the list (see Tos- Yom-Tov) ke'Meimei Tilsan (water in which fenugrek was soaked) - and the color of the juice of roasted meat.
(d)Beis Hillel - declares them Tahor.
12)
(a)Akavya ben Mahalalel inserts Yarok. What is Yarok (in this context)?
(b)How do we know that it does not mean green?
(c)On what grounds does he include it in the list of colors that is Tamei?
12)
(a)Akavya ben Mahalalel inserts Yarok - yellow (in this context).
(b)It cannot mean green (see Tos. Yom-Tov) - since green does not belong to the same family of colors as red.
(c)He includes it in the list of colors that are Tamei - because he considers it Keren Karkom that subsequently changed color (like we learned earlier with regard to black).
13)
(a)What do the Chachamim say about Yarok?
(b)R. Meir makes a compromise with blood that is Yarok. What does he say?
(c)What does R. Yossi counter?
(d)Which of the above Tana'im concur with each other?
(e)Like whom is the Halachah?
13)
(a)The Chachamim declare Yarok - Tahor.
(b)R. Meir maintains that - even though it is not Tamei as Dam Nidah, it is nevertheless considered Dam to be Machshir seeds Lekabeil Tum'ah (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
(c)R. Yossi counters - that it is not.
(d)In fact - R. Yossi concurs with the Chachamim (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
(e)The Halachah is - like R. Yossi.
Mishnah 7
14)
(a)The Mishnah defines red as ke'Dam ha'Makah and black as ke'Cheres (spelt with a 'Samech'). Assuming that this refers to the Dam Shechitah of a bull - why specifically a bull?
(b)Which part of the Shechitah is the Tana referring to?
(c)How do others define Dam ha'Makah?
14)
(a)The Mishnah defines red as ke'Dam ha'Makah and black as ke'Cheres (spelt with a 'Samech'). This refers specifically to the Dam Shechitah of a bull - which is a very deep red.
(b)The Tana is referring to the blood that emerges at the beginning of the Shechitah, which is when the blood is at its reddest.
(c)Others define Dam ha'Makah as - Dam Hakazah (blood-letting).
15)
(a)What is the meaning of Shachor ke'Cheres (with a 'Sav')?
(b)How do others define ke'Cheres?
(c)What does that incorporate?
(d)Which shade of black is then Tahor
15)
(a)Shachor ke'Cheres (with a 'Sav') means - black like the ink at the bottom of the container.
(b)Others define ke'Cheres as - vitriol (a black dye that is used in the ink of Sifrei Torah).
(c)This includes any shade that is darker than that ...
(d)... but any shade that is paler, is Tahor (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
16)
(a)The Tana qualifies the appearance of ke'Keren Karkom, ke'Meimei Adamah and Mazug. What does he say about ke'Keren Karkom, that itself consists of various shades?
(b)Given that a crocus comprises three rows, each containing three petals, which petal does he cite for Bedikah?
(c)And what does he say about Bik'as Beis Kerem?
16)
(a)The Tana qualifies the appearance of ke'Keren Karkom, ke'Meimei Adamah and Mazug. The Tana confines ke'Keren Karkom, (that consists of various shades as) to - the brightest part of it.
(b)Given that a crocus comprises three rows, each containing three petals - he cites the middle petal of the middle row for Bedikah.
(c)And he cites Bik'as Beis Kerem (ythe valley of Beis Kerem) - as the required shade of earth that comprises 'ke'Meimei Adamah'.
17)
(a)After pouring water on to earth in Bik'as Beis Kerem, how does one assess the earth there to determine Dam Nidah of that color?
(b)What is the signicance of Yayin ha'Sharoni?
(c)How does one dilute it to determine Dam Nidah of that color?
17)
(a)After pouring water on to earth in Bik'as Beis Kerem, one assesses the earth there - after one has mixed the two together, to determine Dam Nidah of that color.
(b)Yayin ha'Sharoni is - wine that is manufactured from grapes that grew in the valley of the Sharon, which when diluted, comprises Mazug.
(c)To determine Dam Nidah of that color - one dilutes it two parts water and one part wine.
18)
(a)Despite all the Tahor bloods discussed in the Mishnah, what is the actual Halachah?
(b)Which are the only two bloods that are in fact Tahor?
18)
(a)Despite all the Tahor bloods discussed in the Mishnah, the actual Halachah is that - all types of blood that emerge from the womb are Tamei (see Tos. Yom-Tov) ...
(b)... with the exception of blood that is white or yellow (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
Hadran alach 'Kol ha'Yad'
